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The Verdict is In...
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bighigaz


Mar 11, 2004, 5:44 AM
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The Verdict is In...
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This season seems to be getting off to a rough start. There is a lot of discussion about climbing related death and injury. We share information quite freely on this sight, and I have a bit that I feel is extremely important to all of us...

Several years ago my cousin Kyle was involved in a rappelling accident that cost him his life. Just last week the case against Hughe Banner AND REI concluded with a settlement, prior to the Jury's verdict. Since I helped teach Kyle different methods of belay and rappel, I was a key witness in the case against these enormous companies. Now, I don't want to get in to the details of the accident or the case, but I gained some important knowledge from the entire event that I think should be shared with all climbers and mountaineers. If this information is be helpful to the safety of even one individual, than I will be at ease.

Kyle was rappelling "Aussie-Style" with a youth group of young men and women. He was using a Hughe Banner auto-locking caribiner and a figure eight. During the descent the caribiner is thought to have failed due to two main possibilities: The gate was cross-loaded with the figure eight in a lever position, or rope cross over occurred over the gate of the caribiner. in either case, enough inward force was created to cause the the locking gate of the caribiner to sheer through and remain in the open position. As a result, the rope AND figure eight came free of the caribiner, and Kyle fell 80 feet to his death.

I have been climbing avidly since 1998, and first started my mountain adventures in 1988 with a safety conscience scout leader. I have learned that accidents in the mountains happen, (I have a couple of friends/family who died in the mountains, and I have had a couple of close calls myself.) We HAVE to learn from these experiences, if only to give respect to those who taught us the most difficult lessons while loosing their lives in the process.

Now, I know many of us are familiar with the threat of cross-loading, rope cross over, and even figure eight lever forces. However, I am not sure all of us realize how easily this can occur, or how much actual inward force it takes to pry that locking gate open. This is why I am here, to make sure we all know.

Caribiners are strong. I've heard the expression "you could hang a truck of those anchors" on a number of occasions. This is probably correct, but when in constant motion, (i.e. during a rappel/descent) it is not always so easy for us to keep a fixed eye on our life's belay. There are so many things to be aware of as we lower ourselves off of that conquered rock face that we often times look around confidently with out casting a critical gaze on our belay.

REI, Hughe Banner, AND the prosecuting expert in Kyle's case, repeatedly tested the inward strength of their caribiners and repeatedly found that the aluminum gates locking mechanism fails under less than 500 pounds. This may not sound threatening, but on a static descent, a 190 pound person only needs to "fall" 2 feet to create this amount of force. 2g's is not difficult to create. The force of Kyle's descent, combined with some inward force, caused that gate to fail under a minimal amount of leverage, and as a result remained in an open position allowing the equipment to be released from the safety of his locking caribiner.

I have not inquired of other companies, but rarely if ever do ANY climbing gear manufacturers publish the results of inward forces on their locking gates. We seem to have all of the other information and specs, but this critical knowledge is often lacking. Some manufacturers, specifically HB, use a lower grade aluminum on their gate apparatus (the locking mechanism), and some even use plastic. Whether this should be acceptable or not is difficult to say, but one thing is for certain, THIS TYPE OF FAILURE DOES HAPPEN, so check your belay, and take extra care to avoid inward forces on your locking gates. IF YOU THINK it is a possibility, then back yourself up with a prussik, or a tibloc, or an opposing caribiner, or whatever it takes to prevent a fall if a similar situation were to arise in any of your mountain adventures.

On another note, none of your equipment is any good if not used correctly. I once saw a father belaying his son on Mt. Lemmon, AZ and about lost it. Novices with brand new equipment, tied into their harness with granny knots, back clipping their quick draws, and trying to figure it out as they went... for their first time! I considered it a responsibility to help some passionate fellow climbers, new to the sport and very ambitious, find a 'better way' to safely make there way up this classic climb. They graciously accepted my lengthy instruction and advice and surely avoided what could have resulted in disaster. It never hurts to ask questions--seek adequate instruction if you have ANY doubt that you might be using a piece of equipment incorrectly.

BACK YOURSELF UP. DO NOT PUT 100% CONFIDENCE IN YOUR EQUIPMENT (OR GEAR MANUFACTURER) OR YOUR SAFETY WILL EVENTUALLY BE COMPROMISED.

Have fun out there, be safe, and please take the time to be just a little bit safer every time you go out!


boz84


Mar 11, 2004, 5:53 AM
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Im deeply sorry for the loss you and your family have sustained, and I thank you heartily for your advice youve given us.

Yes, even us "Expert Climbers" make mistakes, some of us seldomly, and some of us way too often. The topics youve touched on today should be a reality check to ALL of us, to remember to always understand our equipment fully, in both its design and use.

Deeply Sorry,
Boz


billcoe_


Mar 11, 2004, 6:17 AM
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Yes: I second that.

Thanks for sharing, I only learned about figure 8s torquing and breaking a good condition locking biner a year or 2 ago. I don't think everybody has heard it yet, so thanks for bringing it up again. You may have just helped prevent some more needless deaths by sharing it.

Regards:

Bill


hyhuu


Mar 11, 2004, 3:15 PM
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I'm sorry for your loss but I'm trying to understand how did a figure 8 have anything to do with rappelling? Also, isn't the "ausie style" putting the equipment behind you so you can't see it while descending? I completely agree on the backup and proper use of the equipment.


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Mar 11, 2004, 3:30 PM
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a figure 8 is not only a [i:acb372c5b8]knot[/i:acb372c5b8] ...

... it is also a belay/rappel device.
[img:acb372c5b8]http://www.kayaksandpaddles.co.uk/rock_climbing/product-pics/ascenders/clog-fig8.jpg[/img:acb372c5b8]


hyhuu


Mar 11, 2004, 4:09 PM
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In reply to:
a figure 8 is not only a knot ...

... it is also a belay/rappel device.
http://www.kayaksandpaddles.co.uk/...enders/clog-fig8.jpg

Dud! How did I miss that? Thanks.


qacwac


Mar 11, 2004, 4:34 PM
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Thanks a lot. Could you explain inward strength and inward force.


capn_morgan


Mar 11, 2004, 4:50 PM
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just curious as to why HB and REI were sued?


curt


Mar 11, 2004, 5:00 PM
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bighigaz,

Thanks for your post and my condolences for your loss. One other thing--you mentioned that the HB carabiner used was "auto-locking" and I have seen instances where, in use, a rope will ride over the auto-locking mechanism and rotate (turn) it to the position where it can be opened. This usually only requires 1/4 turn.

Non auto-locking screw mechanisms, that require several full turns to lock the gate (and that can be tightened pretty tight by the climber) may be somewhat safer for use in rappelling. Just a thought.

Curt


j_from_the_307


Mar 11, 2004, 5:14 PM
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I believe by inward force he means the opposite direction from crossloading.


In a crossloading situation, the rope/8/whatever pulls the gate shut and puts the load on the pins.


In an inward loading situation (harder to get into, but still possible, especially with a figure 8) the 8 is pulling the gate inward, or to the open position. No weight is put on the pins, instead, it all is supported by the locking mechanism... which is not designed to support more than a small load. This basically means that the 8 is stuck on the locking mechanism on the gate and all your weight is being supported in this precarious situation.



-J


stick233


Mar 11, 2004, 5:44 PM
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In reply to:
just curious as to why HB and REI were sued?

I too am wondering why there was a lawsuit. James, I am sorry for your loss. I never want to hear of accidents in the climbing community... but if an accident was to hit close to home, I would have a real hard time suing a manufacturing company. This whole debate could turn into a large flame fest, so I would like to ask you why the companies were sued. From your original post, it does not sound as if there was a production failure?!

Sorry to delve into it like this, I am just curious and mean no ill-will...


bighigaz


Mar 12, 2004, 12:47 AM
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Good questions...

REI and HB were being sued for several different reasons... I don't get the legality of it all (it's not my field of expertise), but basically it involved negligence, and inadequate warning labels for the consumer (no warnings were published regarding and INWARD force on the gate, though the tests were conclusive, nor were any warnings distributed with the equipment), this is the main reason I wanted to start this forum... I don't know if HB or REI intend on ever making these warning labels.

Also, there was something in the area of consumer confidence... pain and suffering... punitive damages, and several others I can't remember. When the defense motioned to dismiss all of the claims against them, the judge denied them on everything except punitive damages. (The prosecution was not allowed to sue for punitive damages, or "monitary punishment." This was based on the lack of clear and concise evidence that HB and/or REI actually actually had some sort of "evil-mind" or mal-intent to bring harm to the consumer. That made sense to me.

When it came down to it, the prosecution basically felt that the accident could have been avoided if Kyle had understood the dangers of inward failure on the gate of his caribiner.

Maybe it could have, and maybe not.

Kyle was rappelling Aussie Style (face first), so no, he couldn't see his equipment. I didn't feel this was entirely important, however, as I have seen crossloading occur in abseiling/military rappel as well... He was also using a method of belay called "figure eight in sports mode" which is actually explained in "Mountaineering: Freedom of the Hill." The defense tried to pass this off on me, saying I had taught him a dangerous unacceptable method of rappelling, and that he and I were reckless. I explained that I used the method because I had learned it from a Petzl catalog, as well as "Mountaineering: Freedom..." and they grudgingly accepted that. BTW, "sport mode" is when the rope wraps/runs through the caribiner, rather than around the neck of the figure eight device... I prefer it as a sort of "modified" stitch plate method. Better rope control, less twisting, etc. Also, I always felt better about having the rope through the biner in the event the eight DID fail, so I could still try to put a bite in the rope to arrest my fall, instead of finding myself in mid air...

I guess when it boils down to it, it was an accident anyway you look at it. We all know there are many methods of rappelling... and we could debate them for hours. At this point I prefer ATC's/Stitch plate over an eight... for obvious personal reasons I guess... I also prefer SCREW gates. Auto lockers just don't seem safe enough for me.

Since this event I have also decided that when I am rappelling for the sport of it (not necessarilly lowering of a climb), I will always back myself up with a ground belay, or a prussik of some sort, or both. It just isn't worth the risk to me anymore.

Hope all this jabber was helpful... let me know if you have any other questions.


wedgy


Mar 12, 2004, 3:32 AM
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once again sorry for your loss. ALL gear states to seek expert instruction before using. experts know the consequences of no backup. probobly not the jist of your thread , but where does personal responsibility come in? P.S. NEVER use a tibloc for a backup. it will shread the rope w/ a short fall. any tooth style device will do this. use prussiks. PLEASE read FISH's warning www.fishproducts.com and click on the "REAPER" on the main site. An incorrectly used product can kill you . the learning curve is steep. Do you blame Ford if you misuse a mustang & get hurt? Take responsibility for your actions, dont blame others because you goofed. just my view. again, sorry for your loss.


bighigaz


Mar 12, 2004, 4:49 AM
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Wedgy, you are certainly correct. We have to take responsibilities for our actions and mistakes. But at the same time, shouldn't a major manufacturer and distributor be obligated to share all pertinent information with the consumer for their own understanding and safety?-Such as an inward force repeatedly shown to cause a gate to fail at under 500 pounds EVERY time? Learning this certainly affected the way I use my equipment... and the question will never be answered as to whether or not this witheld information could have helped in the slightest to prevent Kyles death.

Along this note, how difficult would it be for the manufacture to raise the quality of aluminum for the locking apparatus to be equal to that of the rest of the caribiner? Could this have made a difference? Probably.

While I'm at it, I just wanted to thank everyone for their responses. I trully appreciate all of them. The issue of fault is no concern to me at this point, because it was an accident. I am just determined to help others to avoid the same fate. You are the first group of peers I have been able to discuss this subject with in full, partly because the case is now finished, but also because you can all see it from different perspectives because you are all climbers! (Most everyone involved in the case trully did not grasp the concept of climbing and rappelling, which adversely affected the Jury and Judge in my opinion, though I feel they did a good job trying to grasp a concept that they had never experienced in actual practice.)

If you have more questions, please ask away... I need to put it all out on the table. Part of the challenge is that the defense wanted to put the fault back on me, when inside I am screaming for them to understand that Kyle was a safe and reasonable individual, and that I only shared my experience with him as I thought it would make the sport safer for both of us. Obviously the defense wasn't interested in this, so I didn't really get to express it...

Oh, and to clarify, I wasn't there when he died. I had climbed/rappelled with him 2 weeks prior.

That's all for now...


overlord


Mar 12, 2004, 8:21 AM
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thats stupid.

figure 8 is very unsafe as it is and because of "aussie" stylish rpaeel he couldnt control what hes device was doing. ahd how could the rope break the biner???? i you use the figure8 properly, the rope doesnt touch the biner at all. moreover if you just LOOK at the biner, it should be clear to you that the gate safety system is NOT intended to hold any serous stress. its just there to prevent the biner from opening when hittin a rock or becasue youre clumsy. thats exacly why you get about 4 page of instructions with a quickdraw.

US lawsystem is a farse. you can sue anybody becasue they didnt tell you not to do something stupid. like if you ran your car into a tree and sued the manufascturer for not posting "dont colide with trees or you might die" in the car manual.

sounds like darwin at work to me.


fitzontherocks


Mar 12, 2004, 2:27 PM
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I'll add my condolences to the myriad posted here. As the Irish say, "Sorry for your troubles."

Now, about the cross-loading. I'm trying to visualize what happened without the benefit of a picture. The locking biner got oriented in an inappropriate direction. That is, the harness was in the middle of the spine on one side, and the figure 8 on the other, and neither were in the curved parts of the biner, right? So then what happened? I'm imagining the 8 twisting or torquing. Is that the "lever action" you described? I can see how that would put undue stress on the biner, or especially the locking mechanism. And then the locking portion sheared or broke? Is that right?

And by the way, I applaud your courage in going over this for the benefit of your fellow climbers. I know that when I recount the death of a loved one, I often get pretty torn up over it. Even after years have passed.


Partner j_ung


Mar 12, 2004, 2:50 PM
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In reply to:
thats stupid.

figure 8 is very unsafe as it is and because of "aussie" stylish rpaeel he couldnt control what hes device was doing. ahd how could the rope break the biner???? i you use the figure8 properly, the rope doesnt touch the biner at all. moreover if you just LOOK at the biner, it should be clear to you that the gate safety system is NOT intended to hold any serous stress. its just there to prevent the biner from opening when hittin a rock or becasue youre clumsy. thats exacly why you get about 4 page of instructions with a quickdraw.

US lawsystem is a farse. you can sue anybody becasue they didnt tell you not to do something stupid. like if you ran your car into a tree and sued the manufascturer for not posting "dont colide with trees or you might die" in the car manual.

sounds like darwin at work to me.

I agree with your opinion, overlord, but maybe you could have found a more sensitive way to voice it. :(


awsclimber


Mar 12, 2004, 2:54 PM
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I would say the lawsuit was successful, It never occured to me that the inward strength of a biner would be so much lower than the crossloading strength of a biner. 2 KN is a very small force while climbing. Thanks


curt


Mar 12, 2004, 3:02 PM
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In reply to:
Along this note, how difficult would it be for the manufacture to raise the quality of aluminum for the locking apparatus to be equal to that of the rest of the caribiner? Could this have made a difference? Probably.
I think a better answer is maybe. Although a product can be made nearly idiot proof, using a locking carabiner or figure 8, or both in combination incorrectly is a bad idea. Perhaps the Aussie rappell prevented your cousin from seeing that there was a problem with the orientation of his gear before he started to descend. That's just a guess.

However, a locking carabiner (even one with a nylon locking mechanism) and figure 8 can certainly be used safely if they are used correctly. There is no scenario I can think of that could have led to your cousins death, that did not involve him making a critical mistake in rigging his rappell. As I said previously, I am truly sorry for your loss, but I think it was really wrong to file a lawsuit against HB and REI here.

Curt


montgomerywick


Mar 12, 2004, 3:06 PM
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although i am sympathetic to the surviving family, I am floored by the lack of personal responsibility for the actions taken...I have always presumed and taught that the equipment we use is suspect and may fail under minimal stress in ways you can or cannot imagine..it is one of the inherent risks in the sport...the stated theory of negligence does not and should not override the assumption of risk...i cannot believe this case settled...

sorry for being negative under the circumstances of a death of someone you knew and taught, but you need to quit climbing ASAP. period. forever..

to give my final legal analysis, utter bs


kman


Mar 12, 2004, 3:27 PM
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Sorry to hear about the loss.

I have a question. Was he aware of the possibility of the 8 levering the gate open? Did you teach him to be aware of this? There have been more than a few accidents due to this.

I think it's pretty crappy that those companies were sued.

Thanks for being upfront about this whole thing.


jcinco


Mar 12, 2004, 3:39 PM
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I am also sorry to hear about the tragedy. My condolences.

What I'm about to say may seem harsh, but you posted this information on a public forum for feedback.

It is plainly obvious that a locking carabiner can't take very much of an inward force on the gate. We're talking everyday common sense here... kind of like the obvious warning of not spilling a cup of hot coffee on your lap.

Just because there wasn't an explicit warning, doesn't excuse you and you're friend from being responsible for your actions. Suing the company was frivolous and complete BS. It is this type of lawsuit that gives a bad name to valid litigation.


fitzontherocks


Mar 12, 2004, 3:54 PM
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jcinco wrote:
It is plainly obvious that a locking carabiner can't take very much of an inward force on the gate. We're talking everyday common sense here... kind of like the obvious warning of not spilling a cup of hot coffee on your lap.

I disagree. I was surprised that as little as 500 lbs of inward force could break the biner. I'm sure I'm not the only one to whom it was not "plainly obvious." On the other hand, I am WELL aware of what the ratings stamped onto a biner mean. Maybe the manufacturers should also include a "cross-load rating" on the spine of the biners.


Partner cracklover


Mar 12, 2004, 4:05 PM
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I'm very sorry for your loss.

I hate to say it, but this means of failure has been know in the climbing and caving communities since at least 1998. The UIAA has a bulletin out about it as well, but IIRC, the bulletin probably dates from after your cousin's death. Wouldn't be surprised if your cousin's death was a precipitating factor in the extra publicity the UIAA gave to the problem. I'm sorry it took another death for the word to get out that rappelling using the fig-8 (or any stiff metal device with a hole that can catch on and lever the gate) is dangerous. You are right, the locking sleeve is not designed to withstand the amound of torque which can be generated by this means, so the nose of the biner punches through the locking sleeve, allowing the gate to open. Our difference of opinion is this: I believe that modern locking carabiners *are* properly designed for the forces that should be applied to them. The true problem is with the method of rappelling that was done. The force applied to the locking sleeve of the biner in the accident that killed your cousin Kyle is was caused by a rappelling method that is without a doubt unsafe.

Perhaps I should pause to mention that you are right - it's not fair to blame you for teaching this method to your cousin. At the time you did so, I'm certain that it was a commonly accepted practice. However, this is no longer the case! If the same accident were to happened today, I would certainly hold culpable the person who set up the rappel in that way.

I'm so sorry it often takes a serious accident to demonstrate that a long-believed safe method can turn out to create unsafe circumstances. The fig-8 version of the EDK is another example of this case.

Again, my condolences.

GO
-------------------
For those who may be interested, here is a synopsis of what's happening:

-------------------
from the website: http://www.wbcrt.org/way-out/WayOut/issue4.html

WARNING - Figure Eight Descenders Can Break Karabiners
This report is a condensed version of a report by the BMC Technical Committee which investigates equipment failures.
A copy of the full report may be obtained by sending a stamped addressed A4 envelope to: Brian Jopling, 31 Holbeche Rd., Sutton Coldfield, West Mids. B75 7LL

Background
An equipment failure resulted in the death of a student at a outdoor centre. All of the equipment used was standard and in good order. A sit harness was in use, with a belay loop to which the figure-eight descender was attached by a screwgate karabiner. The rope was a static rope. The student was a novice who had learned to abseil the previous day and was now taking part in a 40m sponsored abseil. No safety rope was used because a high speed abseil precluded the paying out of a safety rope quickly enough. A instructor was at the bottom to apply a brake load to the rope in the event of a problem.*

The student made a couple of false starts - 40m is a long way to a novice - and then launched into the abseil. Almost immediately the student became detached from the rope and fell to his death. The figure-eight was still on the rope near the top and the krab was still on the harness with the gate open but with a NOTCH IN THE SLEEVE. The sleeve was still fully screwed up. The notching of the karabiner gate had been noted before but the cause had not been established.

The following conclusions were drawn by Neville McMillan, Chairman of the BMC Technical Committee, from the instructor’s report and trials carried out under controlled conditions. In the full report Neville draws attention to the consequences for outdoor centres and climbers which are not included here. The student had made several false starts allowing the figure-eight and karabiner to become slack on each occasion. The small eye of the descender had moved over the karabiner gate and had been corrected by the instructor at least twice. On the fatal instance this was either not noticed or not corrected fully. When the gear is loaded with the eye in this position there is a tendency for the descender to turn over and take up an abnormal configuration, as can be seen in Fig.1.

Picture 4a available shortly.

In this position the karabiner can be loaded axially and apply leverage to the gate. Under test conditions, with an unscrewed gate, it can easily be shown that the eye can open the gate allowing the karabiner and figure-eight to become separated. This does not happen on all occasions but a simple trial will show how easily the abnormal configuration fails to straighten itself out. Tests were carried out using a tensile testing machine, using a new karabiner of the same model and the following results were found. The peak failure forces (the forces required to break the sleeve) were:

Test 1; 0.77 kN
Test 2; 1.04 kN
Test 3; 1.03 kN

The damage to the sleeve was identical to that seen on the karabiner damaged in the accident. The student weighed 98kg which equals a gravitational force of 0.96kN. He therefore could apply his body weight WITHOUT CAUSING A FAlLURE in the abnormal loading situation but a sudden loading would cause about twice the 0.96 kN force which would easily break the gate as described. The area of damage is shown in Fig.3. It is noted by the author that the hypothesis can never be proven but This hypothesis is considered to be the most likely emanation of the events.

The author also notes that although this abnormal configuration can occur when using a Maillon Rapide there is much less danger because the maillon can withstand a three-way load better and the construction of a Maillon includes threading to both sides of the gate which obviates the need for a thin sleeve as in a screwgate karabiner. **

Figure 4c available shortly.

The Potential For a Similar Accident When Belaying.
Since the accident described above there has been a report of a non-fatal belaying accident in Germany. The damage to the karabiner sleeve was reported to be identical - a notch in the screwgate sleeve. Neville McMillan notes that this failure mode must be a rare occurrence as is does not seem to have been noted before and suggests that a short tape between the figure-eight and the karabiner would prevent the abnormal loading.

l have been surprised at just how easily this type of loading can occur. Try it for yourself and see. What is common is that the rig will often pull back into line, how many have heard the "click" at the start of a figure-eight abseil? I have found that all abseiling devices that use a hole or slot can reproduce this failure mode, or another very similar mode, where the bottom of the hole or slot (in the device) can lock behind the back of the sleeve forcing the top edge of the hole or slot to lever directly onto the gate and can easily exert enough force to notch the gate WITHOUT THE TWISTING MOMENT, see Fig.2.

Picture 4b available shortly.

A feature of this mode is that the karabiner and descender are "in line" and from above can appear to be safe.
Several teams use the figure-eight descender to belay stretcher lowers or to protect a haul, certainly the WBCRT does, and I would recommend that Pose who do examine their procedures to ensure that they are safe. The WBCRT is actively looking at rescue belaying, made more urgent with the reports of the failure to hold rescue loads with many common devices and/or techniques.

AS A INITIAL RECOMMENDATION I SUGGEST THAT WE SHOULD BELAY FIGURE-EIGHTS USING A LARGE MAILLON TO CONNECT TO THE ANCHOR.

* I personally find this method of bottom belaying to be extremely suspect and even more unlikely to succeed when attempting to stop a high speed abseil. It appears to me that this can only succeed when the bottom belayer applies a load right from the start.
** My italics.
Brian Jopling, Equipment of Officer WBCRT and MRC representative on the BMC Technical Committee.


rock_diva


Mar 12, 2004, 4:29 PM
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James,
Thanks for sharing all the information, especially considering the emotions involved.

I feel like I'm always careful to check myself and my partner when climbing/rappelling but after your post I'll be even more cautious with locking caribiners and crossloading them. I often go canyoneering with groups that have very little experience and I am who they consider the expert... your post has helped me to realize the gravity of that position.

We all have a responsibility to help others learn proper safetly techniques. James, thank you for teaching us.

~Shelley


tedc


Mar 12, 2004, 4:30 PM
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If the guy had been rappelling so that he could have seen his gear and he had seen the improperly loaded biner, would he have continued like that. I doubt it. So it would seem (just a good guess here) that he understood the proper way to use the gear. (Condolences to HB and REI)

It seems that the problem was caused by the fact that the technique used did not allow the guy to see his gear. "Aussie rappel"...sue Australia. They have even deeper pockets than REI...I think.


Partner cracklover


Mar 12, 2004, 5:05 PM
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In reply to:
If the guy had been rappelling so that he could have seen his gear and he had seen the improperly loaded biner, would he have continued like that. I doubt it. So it would seem (just a good guess here) that he understood the proper way to use the gear. (Condolences to HB and REI)

I beg to differ. If he was inexperienced, it's unfair to expect that he would have known that the fig-8 device catching against the nose of the biner would be a life-threatening problem. How many of you out there knew this? Furthermore, this situation can easily occur just at the moment you weight the rappel! Once you're over the edge and you notice that the eight is sitting on the biner funny, it's damn hard to fix it without removing your body weight from the device.

Let me be perfectly clear: Using the fig-8 device to rappel is at best an endeavor with a major risk that anyone who does it should be aware of. At worst, it might be considered an improper use of equipment. Fact: this failure mode has been proven to be the primary cause of a number of serious accidents.

Is it possible that the accident might have been prevented had the device been in the front rather than the back? Sure. But since these accidents have occured in both configurations, that obviously is not the main issue here.

GO


abalch


Mar 12, 2004, 5:22 PM
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Condolences to your family for their loss.

I think I would have to aggree with many who have wrote that to sue HB and REI was wrong. No manufacturer of climbing equipment I know have a rating stamped on their carabiners of the inward loading force that the locker can sustain. I suspect because when used correctly, the locking mechanism is only designed to restrin the gate, not make it anywhere near the strength of the spine of the carbiner. If you have ever read any books, such as Freedom of the Hills, you would understand that any carbainer is weakest on the gate side, and no carabiner should be loaded against either the spine or gate over any edge or rope.

Now, when I was in the military and we were taught the aussie rappel, we used a steel mallion to connect the figure eight to our harness. Do you think is was because the military just loves to carry heavy things? No, it was because when you can't see your carabiner, you are doing a face down rappell, and you have a lot of chance to corssload the carabiner is many different directions, you want to be as safe as possilbe. Any time I have seen any reference to Aussie rapelling, I have seen using a steel screw link or mallion.

While this incident is tragic, it was forseeable, and whenever you buy any piece of climbing equipment, or read any climbing book, the first thing written in the documentation or the front of the book is "Climbing is dangerous", or "climb at your own risk". I think it is a good thing that you want to draw other people's attention to a safety issue with climbing, but I still don't see the culpability of HB or REI in forseeing that you would use equipment in a manner to crossload their device in an unexpected way.


sarcat


Mar 12, 2004, 5:30 PM
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I had never thought about the inward loading of a biner vs. the cross loading ratio. Thanks for the heads up. Call me paranoid but I always check 3 + times that my 8 is properly weighted and the biners orientated correctly. Come to think of it I use an ATC exclusively now. I'm also chicken to rappel aussie style.

Regardless what we all feel about the lawsuit if HB makes a safer biner from it we all win. Right?


beesty511


Mar 12, 2004, 5:32 PM
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In reply to:
There is no scenario I can think of that could have led to your cousins death, that did not involve him making a critical mistake in rigging his rappell.

Now that cracklover has enlightened you, I'm sure next week you'll be excoriating someone for posting something so ignorant.

As a side note, I've always wondered whether a Hugh Banner Sheriff ATC has the potential to lever open a locking biner as with the well documented figure 8 accidents--it seems like it would.


acrophobic


Mar 12, 2004, 5:32 PM
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Always Always think safety first. Consider me uneducated, but what possible reason is there to rappel head first, where you can't keep an eye on your gear (which is the only think keeping you alive)? Thinking of it, I can't find any reason at all... Only reason to use the Aussie rappel, is if you need a hand free... which is important in the military (rifle), but not at all in climbing.

A plain old ATC with a prussik backup sounds much safer that the complicated setup you mentioned with the figure 8.


steelmonkey


Mar 12, 2004, 5:51 PM
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Curt said:
In reply to:
As I said previously, I am truly sorry for your loss, but I think it was really wrong to file a lawsuit against HB and REI here.

Also sorry for your loss, but I feel this same way. If you're going to do sporto things like "Aussie style" rappelling where you can't see what's going on with your gear at all times, then I think it's out of bounds to be filing lawsuits for it. And I think it speaks volumes that you refer to the litigant's attorney as the "prosecutor".

Take responsibility for your own safety. Nobody has to tell you not to have a sharp knife out when you're rappelling. If you are vigilant about your gear and use it appropriately, you don't need to worry about it working.
G.


tedc


Mar 12, 2004, 5:56 PM
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In reply to:


Regardless what we all feel about the lawsuit if HB makes a safer biner from it we all win. Right?

WRONG.
We all loose when a gear manufacturer gets wrongfully sued. They CAN make safer gear but the market doesn't want it. To expensive and too heavy. If "safer" gear becomes litigated or regulated we all loose the ability to choose what we use and how we use it.

sarcat, do YOU own (purchase regardless of cost) the "safest" biners?


sarcat


Mar 12, 2004, 6:10 PM
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tedc:

You're right. Forcing a man. to make something safer is rediculous. Good thing in the '60s the car manufacturers volunteered to put seat belts in thier cars and weren't forced to (not). Wasn't it Nader that sued the big three to get them forced into it?

I have so many biners is ridiculous. I do have a stack that I don't use because they don't feel as safe. I also don't use regularly the steel 47kn biners I have. But I would pay more for a "safer" biner.


deafears


Mar 12, 2004, 6:37 PM
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A fundemental problem, which doubtless contributed to the sad accident, is the use of an Aussie-style rappel. It's a silly and dangerous method of descending, not common practice for experienced climbers.

It's only because US law is so protective of the freedom of the press that the publisher of Freedom of the Hills isn't as vulnerable as the manufacturers. (I'm still glad for the protection.) They should remove any recommendation of this technique/stunt in the next edition.

The majority of "climbing" rescues are, in actuality, performed for ledged-out hikers. Climbing areas get closed when non-climbers get hurt, even if they were employing idiotic ropework. Unfortunately, climbers get lumped in with the rappeling crowd and other yahoos.

I guess this is an argument for politely correcting other people's mistakes when you see the potential for a disaster at the cliffs.


hyhuu


Mar 12, 2004, 6:45 PM
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In reply to:
I think a better answer is maybe. Although a product can be made nearly idiot proof, using a locking carabiner or figure 8, or both in combination incorrectly is a bad idea. Perhaps the Aussie rappell prevented your cousin from seeing that there was a problem with the orientation of his gear before he started to descend. That's just a guess.

Curt

That reminds me of what an nuclear weapon engineer once said to me: "You can never design an idiot proof system because idiots are so ever ingenious at finding way to screw it up"


tedc


Mar 12, 2004, 6:57 PM
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In reply to:
tedc:

You're right. Forcing a man. to make something safer is rediculous.

I am right. It is ridiculous. Let the climber decide what to use and how to use it.


cedk


Mar 12, 2004, 7:02 PM
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"Aussie rappell" is bull-shit and unneccessarily dangerous. Whoever taught someone that this is a safe way to rap is more responsible for this death than HB or REI.

Sorry if that pisses anyone off.


Partner oldsalt


Mar 12, 2004, 7:07 PM
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I recently changed my rapelling set up and I now may need to again.

Opinions, please (like I need to ask for an opinion here).

Old way:

Figure-eight directly to locker on belay loop, prussick above.

Newer way:

Figure-eight on a sling girth hitched to belay loop, prussick below figure-eight.

Newest way?:

ATC on a sling, prussick below,

Or

Munter hitch to locker (or two opposed biners) on a sling, prussick below?

I have practiced descending from an abandoned belay with this exact rig. I think the twist force of the munter hitch on the biner could easily open a gate.

I am going to test the use of a prussick backup while belaying. IMO, human failure while belaying is too common, at least in gyms, to continue without a backup system.


Partner neuroshock


Mar 12, 2004, 7:38 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
It is plainly obvious that a locking carabiner can't take very much of an inward force on the gate. We're talking everyday common sense here... kind of like the obvious warning of not spilling a cup of hot coffee on your lap.

I disagree. I was surprised that as little as 500 lbs of inward force could break the biner. I'm sure I'm not the only one to whom it was not "plainly obvious." On the other hand, I am WELL aware of what the ratings stamped onto a biner mean. Maybe the manufacturers should also include a "cross-load rating" on the spine of the biners.

if you think about how a locking carabiner works, it should be fairly straightforward. the locking mechanism is designed to keep the gate from inadvertently opening (gate chatter, pushed up against a bulge, etc) and releasing the contents being held. the load put upon a carabiner, in all reasonable cases that i can think of, is from "within" the carabiner outward. to get the kind of failure being discussed in this thread you would have to load the gate itself with an "inward" force.

there already are rated crossloading strengths stamped on many carabiners alongside the major-axis orientation and open-gate strengths.

from looking at a carabiner i would think that a normal crossload failure would have put stress on the gate pin in the 'nose' and the rest of the biner body. the locking sleeve is the last thing i would expect to bear force in a crossload event.


highclimbing2000


Mar 12, 2004, 7:52 PM
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I also am sorry to hear of your loss and thank you for bringing it to our attention.
with that said I also think that sueing hb and rei as wrong.all of us are taught that climbing and rapelling are dangerous period.in everything I have read and been taught the most important thing is to back everything up.redundancy is the key to being as safe as it can possibly be.In the end the responsibillity is ours.I and I alone take my life into my own hands every time I go climbing.It is not anyone but my own fault if I die or get injured that is the chance that I take.I know the risks and therefore I must take the blame.
Again I am sorry for your loss and I dread the day it happens to me and mine.You cant blame yourself or any one company for the accident that happened it unfortunately comes with the territory of climbing.


Partner cracklover


Mar 12, 2004, 8:01 PM
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In reply to:
tedc:

You're right. Forcing a man. to make something safer is rediculous. Good thing in the '60s the car manufacturers volunteered to put seat belts in thier cars and weren't forced to (not). Wasn't it Nader that sued the big three to get them forced into it?

I have so many biners is ridiculous. I do have a stack that I don't use because they don't feel as safe. I also don't use regularly the steel 47kn biners I have. But I would pay more for a "safer" biner.

Sarcat, I'm afraid I'm going to have to side with tedc and others. It is ridiculous to think that this suit will force REI to make "safer" biners. Why? Because the "safer" biner already exists. It's called a large steel maillon.
In reply to:
The author also notes that although this abnormal configuration can occur when using a Maillon Rapide there is much less danger because the maillon can withstand a three-way load better and the construction of a Maillon includes threading to both sides of the gate which obviates the need for a thin sleeve as in a screwgate karabiner....
AS A INITIAL RECOMMENDATION I SUGGEST THAT WE SHOULD BELAY FIGURE-EIGHTS USING A LARGE MAILLON TO CONNECT TO THE ANCHOR.
It's a matter of using the right tool for the right task. Would you compain that a ball-peen hammer is no good for removing nails? No, you'd use a claw hammer. Use the right tool for the application, or expect (and take personal responsibility for) inferior results.

GO


Partner cracklover


Mar 12, 2004, 8:08 PM
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In reply to:
Newer way:

Figure-eight on a sling girth hitched to belay loop, prussick below figure-eight.

Seems like that still might allow the 8 to get hung up on the carabiner, but perhaps the biner would be able to rotate since it's just on a sling rather than tight against your harness? Not sure - try it out at home and let us know.

In reply to:
Newest way?:

ATC on a sling, prussick below

That works reasonably well, so long as you don't extend the device further than you can reach. Also consider not extending the ATC with a sling at all, but instead move the prussik down to your leg loop.

As for using a munter to rappel - that's among other last resorts, so far as I'm concerned.

GO


mtman


Mar 12, 2004, 8:26 PM
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as said sevral times before it was the style of the rapell ('auzie') and the improper use of the equipment. this is not the falt of the equipment,

IN CLIMBING YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN SAFTY IF YOU F UP IT IS YOUR FALT NOT THE GEAR.

if there was a warning saying the force to push the gate inwards would have prevented this or he would have known the dangers, is not nesarly true. there are warnings out there.

also before you try somthing dangerous like the auzie rapell you should educate your self on how to do it properly and safely. the locking bener was miss used end of story


Partner oldsalt


Mar 12, 2004, 9:52 PM
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Thanks, cracklover, for the responses.

I'll practice the ATC/sling combo, especially with the Prussick moved to the leg loop. The belay loop gets unwieldy when stressed.

I recommend that everyone spend time practicing emergency situations on a regular basis. Hopefully, attention and practice can head-off some accidents. Backups help in the rare equipment failure incident. It would be nice if this thread had not been necessary.


Partner cracklover


Mar 12, 2004, 10:15 PM
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In reply to:
Thanks, cracklover, for the responses.

I'll practice the ATC/sling combo, especially with the Prussick moved to the leg loop. The belay loop gets unwieldy when stressed.

Cool. I don't want to take this thread any further off track, but if you do use the above method, keep in mind that if the entire rappel attachment fails (as it did in this case) the above setup will leave you hanging upside down from a locked prussik on one leg loop. Take a moment to think about what you might do if that happened. If you understand the principles of self rescue and you have a sling and another biner or two, I think you can get yourself down.

GO


bighigaz


Mar 13, 2004, 1:16 AM
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Wow, I didn't think I'd get such a great response on both sides of the issue...

I did want to make a couple of this a little more clear for the record:

This was an ACCIDENT, but Kyle was a safe, responsible individual. He was in the process of making his second descent for the day, and was in the process of checking both lines to make sure they were safe for descent. (He was with a youth group).

The actual cause of the inward force on the gate was never determined, though it was clearly sheered/forced open.

I alway understood the dangers of crossloading, as did Kyle, but I never realized that it took less than 1kn to force the gate to open inward. After I learned this, I boycotted the figure eight. ATC's and Variable controllers are my preferrence.

As a climber myself, I would not have sued HB or REI. But his family felt they needed to, and as their understanding of mountaineering in general may have been minimal, I can understand why a loving family might seek for damages if there were any reason whatsoever they felt the accident could have been avoided-- and even more importantly, if the accident could be prevented in the future. I admire them for this, because now we are all gaining a better understanding of some of the dangers and risks involved with rappelling-- No matter which method you use. (Aussie or Standard/Sitting)

One more thing: Kyle was no idiot. Any individual who knew him or knows me would agree that we are both as safe as we could possibly be when in the mountains. I reiterate that he was on his second descent of the cliff to make sure the lines were safe for his group of youth.

Thankyou, everyone, for all of your excellent advise and information. I am suprised by some of the information that actually IS available out there. I am also incredibly relieved to be able to talk about this subject in depth like this.


bighigaz


Mar 13, 2004, 1:38 AM
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One more thing...

Overlord asked how a rope could break the caribiner...

Actually in the event of rope cross-over, or when your rope some how wraps over the gate of the biner, it is quite easy to apply enough INWARD force to sheer the gate. However, this is GATE failure, not actually breaking the caribiner.


dirko


Mar 13, 2004, 2:16 AM
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James, I appreciate your ability to discuss the issue maturely with the rest of the community. I also am very glad that you shared the information about the carabiner. While I'm here, I'd like to disapprove of the lawsuit. But really, thanks to those out the who are keeping up the intelligent dialogue.

Peace to your bro.


raingod


Mar 13, 2004, 2:19 AM
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In reply to:
tedc:

You're right. Forcing a man. to make something safer is rediculous. Good thing in the '60s the car manufacturers volunteered to put seat belts in thier cars and weren't forced to (not). Wasn't it Nader that sued the big three to get them forced into it?
.
According to Robert McNamara in "The Fog of War" when he put seatbelts into the cars at ford they couldn't get people to use them. The user has to take some responsibility


mingleefu


Mar 13, 2004, 3:04 AM
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In reply to:
thats stupid.

figure 8 is very unsafe as it is and because of "aussie" stylish rpaeel he couldnt control what hes device was doing. ahd how could the rope break the biner???? i you use the figure8 properly, the rope doesnt touch the biner at all. [snip]

First, your insensitivity to the situation is insulting.
But I agree with you that the Aussie style is needlessly increasing risks.

It should be pointed out, that there is a way to use the fig8 where the rope does go through the biner. Someone mentioned it prior your post, but not since. It involves using the small hole on the fig8 as you would an ATC- stick a bight of rope through the hole and clip the bight on a biner. that's the "sport mode" someone alluded to earlier.

Also, Even if you use the fig8 "properly" as you say, and put a bight through the big hole, and around the small neck, clipping the biner into the small hole- the fig8 can still break the biner and it can do so by inward force exactly like this accident.

So while "Aussie style" may be on trial in some minds, the "sport method" of using a fig8 is acceptable.


justsendingits


Mar 13, 2004, 12:44 PM
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I use a DMM belay master locker...


acrophobic


Mar 14, 2004, 6:27 PM
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I'm confused though.. I'm looking at a DMM screw lock right now at the imprint reads:

<--->28 | 7

and open gate 10 kN

In fact all of my Gates show 7kN crossloading.. and they are all at least 3 years old...

where is the 1kN break point coming from? what make was it?


Partner cracklover


Mar 14, 2004, 10:25 PM
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In reply to:
I'm confused though.. I'm looking at a DMM screw lock right now at the imprint reads:

<--->28 | 7

and open gate 10 kN

In fact all of my Gates show 7kN crossloading.. and they are all at least 3 years old...

where is the 1kN break point coming from? what make was it?

The biner does not fail due to crossloading. In fact, technically it doesn't *fail* at all. Rather, the gate is levered open, notching the screw-locking sleeve. If you're not clear on how this happens, please read my earlier post to this thread, or PM me.

GO


acrophobic


Mar 14, 2004, 10:28 PM
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AHHHHHHHH. i getcha..

hmmm that is a little misleading then


curt


Mar 14, 2004, 11:35 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
There is no scenario I can think of that could have led to your cousins death, that did not involve him making a critical mistake in rigging his rappell.

Now that cracklover has enlightened you, I'm sure next week you'll be excoriating someone for posting something so ignorant.

I'm not quite sure what you mean here, since cracklover's explanation does involve improper use of the equipment.

In reply to:
The student had made several false starts allowing the figure-eight and karabiner to become slack on each occasion. The small eye of the descender had moved over the karabiner gate and had been corrected by the instructor at least twice. On the fatal instance this was either not noticed or not corrected fully.

What part of that didn't you understand?

Curt


justsendingits


Mar 15, 2004, 1:17 AM
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I was talking about the plastic part that clips onto the DMM locker.It really helps keep my gri-gri,shunt,silent partner from cross loading,you should check out their belay master locker on their website.

Also there is a thread in the aid forum on a biner breaking cause of cross loading,its called" british soloist charged" I think.

I did Zodiac with Tom,solid climber!!!!


crow


Mar 15, 2004, 2:07 AM
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Something mildly simsilar happened to a friend of mine while he was rappeling. He was using a Petzle auto-locker and the gate totallly opened while he was rapelling. He was fine, and petzel refunded the biner for him. Though, after what you wrote about your friend and my buddy, I don't think I like auto-ockers anymore. My Condolensces to your freind and family.


roc_klimber


Mar 15, 2004, 3:17 AM
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sorry for your loss

Me and my partner rappell like that. Or "aussie style"

Thanks for the heads-up

be safe


overlord


Mar 15, 2004, 9:28 AM
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j_ung: i forgot to write condolescences :wink:

anyway, im sorry for your loss.

and "sport" rappel with a figure8 IS unsafe. better to use it as a belay plate if you dont want to use it the way it is meant to be used.


drkodos


Mar 15, 2004, 9:37 AM
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I will be un PC as per my usual.

What a selfish act to bring a lawsuit against a company in this instance.

Are you related to the tard that didn't know hot coffee is hot?

I have sympathy for one's loss, but using people sympathies in order to line one's pocket is rebarbative.

Prove me wrong: Donate ALL THE FECKING SETTLEMENT MONEY to a worthy cause, and not some bogus BS sociecty you create just to milk the cash for yourselves.


drkodos


Mar 15, 2004, 9:38 AM
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And by the way, the verdict is NOT in. By settling out of court, you avoided a verdict.

Try to at least be accurate in your use of language if not in your understanding of the real world.


hyhuu


Mar 15, 2004, 1:53 PM
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In reply to:
...I admire them for this, because now we are all gaining a better understanding of some of the dangers and risks involved with rappelling-- No matter which method you use. (Aussie or Standard/Sitting)

One more thing: Kyle was no idiot. Any individual who knew him or knows me would agree that we are both as safe as we could possibly be when in the mountains. I reiterate that he was on his second descent of the cliff to make sure the lines were safe for his group of youth.

Thankyou, everyone, for all of your excellent advise and information. I am suprised by some of the information that actually IS available out there. I am also incredibly relieved to be able to talk about this subject in depth like this.

While safe is a relative concept, no one I know and climb with would consider rappelling for fun and "ausie-style" rappelling to be "safe". And we already understood the dangers and the risks just fine. The lawsuit wasn't neccessary.


montgomerywick


Mar 15, 2004, 2:19 PM
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In reply to:
Since I helped teach Kyle different methods of belay and rappel, I was a key witness in the case against these enormous companies

clearly, you are quite proud of that fact. But then you said:

In reply to:
As a climber myself, I would not have sued HB or REI.

you did, in effect.

Please donate your gear and move on.


bighigaz


Mar 15, 2004, 8:08 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
Since I helped teach Kyle different methods of belay and rappel, I was a key witness in the case against these enormous companies

clearly, you are quite proud of that fact. But then you said:

In reply to:
As a climber myself, I would not have sued HB or REI.

you did, in effect.

Please donate your gear and move on.

Wick-
First of all, I'm not proud of anything about this case. The defense called me, so I went.
Second, I did not, in effect, sue HB or REI. The point of my being there was 1: to establish the fact that Kyle wasn't reckless, of which I will uphold till the day I die. (Accidents happen) and 2: To help the prosecution, defense, AND jury determine if the "sport" method of belay in use was acceptable or not. The fact is, it is. page 136 Mountaineering: Freedom of the Hills. Clearly it was not the safest method of rappell that could have been used, and because his family was brave enough to take this to court, we can all talk about it and learn from it today.

Oh, it was also mentioned that Kyles family was suing for the monetary gain that they expected if they were to win the case. I know Kyles parents and wife, and this was clearly not their purpose. As mentioned before, I can understand why a family with limited mountaineering and equipment knowledge would seek for damages if they believed, for ANY moment, that the accident could have been a result of manufacture negligence. If asked to donate the "money" I most certainly think they would. (I don't even know if $ was part of the settlement, nor do I care.)

It might be interesting to note, also, that although this case was settled, I spoke with the attorneys of the case, and they mentioned that in fact the Jury was going to deliver a DEFENSE verdict. Even so, HB was willing to settle before the verdict was delivered, when they could have walked away without even blinking an eye toward the prosecution.

It is what it is, my friends. I'm not here to deliberate the case, just to inform the masses. I hold nothing against anybody. Thanks again for all the excellent feed back and response.


bighigaz


Mar 15, 2004, 8:09 PM
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montgomerywick


Mar 15, 2004, 8:58 PM
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you said the defense was trying to use you to establish their theory of (contributory) negligence in training...so, you must have been subpoened to testify...

So, do not make it sound like you were undertaking some civic duty; you testified against climbing manufacturers and retailers, avoiding there and here the responsiblity of your own actions and his; which effects climbing as a whole...

Sorry, but you need to be soundly excoriated for your actions given you claim to be a "climber."

To be clear, I am an attorney actively involved in trying to open up closed climbing areas in the southeast and preserve what we have available...any climbing related cases, regardless of the outcome, have a detriemental effect on access. I doubt you will be able to realize that.


drkodos


Mar 15, 2004, 9:15 PM
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You posted here in some peacockery of self absorption as if you were doing something wonderful for the rest of us. Your neolithic understanding of how the system works is a detriment to the pursuit of climbing. You are serving no one except yourself.

Go away and let the adults handle these types of affairs.


Partner cracklover


Mar 15, 2004, 9:58 PM
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In reply to:
Clearly it was not the safest method of rappell that could have been used, and because his family was brave enough to take this to court, we can all talk about it and learn from it today.

You've repeated this a number of times in a bunch of ways throughout this thread. Sorry to be blunt, but I don't buy it.

Aside from the fact that it is hard for many of us to see bravery in the act of blaming the manufacturers for Kyles accident, their lawsuit has *nothing* to do with bringing this serious safety issue to light. If anything, it did the opposite, since you said you were not allowed to discuss the issue until the case was closed.

The family absolutely deserves our sympathy and our best wishes. Believe me, I know. The only thing is, I think (and apparently the jury did too) their pain was misdirected when they funnelled it into this lawsuit. I know firsthand that tragic needless accidents like this one can cause families to look for a scapegoat. Perhaps the pain is too much to bear without finding somewhere to direct it. I can imagine how easy it would be for a malpractice lawyer to manipulate those feelings. The sad thing is that I doubt anyone was truly helped by the suit.

As for learning for the future, I would say that Kyle himself, through his tragic accident, gets most of the credit for showing the importance of avoiding "not the safest method of rappel". And if there are any bravery awards to hand out, I would nominate you, for sticking your neck out to share your story with the climbing community.

GO


bighigaz


Mar 16, 2004, 5:15 AM
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First, In response to one other point mentioned in the forum, Kyles family's pain may, in fact, have been misdirected, but that is now a moot point, and serves no purpose for resolution now that the case is finished. I feel the case was handled fairly and professionally by ALL parties involved. I've never been more impressed by the well thought out points of the defense AND prosecution.

Now, to the point:

In reply to:
You posted here in some peacockery of self absorption as if you were doing something wonderful for the rest of us. Your neolithic understanding of how the system works is a detriment to the pursuit of climbing. You are serving no one except yourself.

Go away and let the adults handle these types of affairs.

Wow, no offense, but if I'm guilty of self apsorption, than those accusing me, (not just drkodos), are guilty of arrogance and gross audacity of climbing knowledge and superiority of self AND of vocabulary. I consider this prideful and immature, regardless of whatever wisdom and stature you may have.

I did not recieve a subpoena, and I apologize for the implication. I was named as non-party at fault. Now Wick, you may understand the whole system of law related to this type of action from the defense, but I'm not defending myself or my ability to climb safely. My testimony was factual and as honest as I could have possibly made it. I am learning every time I am out there, and if I am in doubt, I seek a more knowledgable source.

You can judge my intentions and apparant weeknesses all you want, but you're attitudes and comments are degrading and inconsiderate.

I could have simply started this post with: "FYI: Do not rappel 'Aussie-Style' with a figure eight, especially with the device in 'sports mode' as illustrated on pg. 136 in Mountaineering: Freedom of the hills. Doing so has already resulted in the death of one individual, and I hope that his unfortunate passing can be understood by others in the mountaineering community, so as to avoid further accident."

In fact, this was the point of the post, regardless of whatever critisism you may throw at it, and regardless of what kind of misleading pedestal onto which you think I may be trying to self-elevate. I admit the words "key witness" may have sounded self directed. At this point, however, I think it a waist of time to try and redirect your understanding as to what I am trying to gain out of this for myself (nothing), so I'll just say it as it is: I could careless if anybody knew anything about me or this case, if they could simply take the facts from this post and make the best of them. Clearly comments like these below illustrate that for some, this is impossible:

"Go away, and let the adults handle these types of affairs."
"Please donate your gear and move on."

Have some respect and get back to the point. If you have nothing more to say about Kyles manner of death, then-

"Go away, and let the adults discuss these types of affairs."

or

"Please donate your words somewhere else and move on."

Now that I've said my thoughts, I feel sort of hypocritical in my responses, as I did not even maintain my declaration that this post is for one simple reason. And I'll be the first to admit that I love a good debate (drkodos should know this already), but I hardly think this forum is the place to do it. At this point I guess I'll just let the rantings fall where they may, and hopefully we can get back on track.

Quite frankly I don't think there is much more to talk about at this point. I seem to have been reading a lot lately about climbing accidents around the country. Seems to me we could all contribute, and learn, a lot more about our own safety and climbing enjoyment by donating this forum to the archive and moving on.

James.


overlord


Mar 16, 2004, 8:14 AM
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why do you think its called "sport mode" and not "quick rappel mode"???

becasue in "the old days" when there want any other belay device avaiable, they used to belay sport routes that way.

i once asked a friend of mine (30+ years of experience, including nepal and stuff) and he said that sport belay shouldnt even be used for TR belaying.


bradnicholson


Mar 16, 2004, 8:56 AM
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i wonder how many of the people whining above about suing the manufacturers would be so vocal if it was their child/etc? especially in light of the fact that perhaps the family doesn't really understand climbing or climbers in depth.

kind of like supporting a war, it doesn't hit home until you go off to one and then help bury your friends.


beesty511


Mar 16, 2004, 9:05 AM
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In reply to:
...those accusing me, (not just drkodos), are guilty of arrogance and gross audacity of climbing knowledge and superiority of self AND of vocabulary. I consider this prideful and immature, regardless of whatever wisdom and stature you may have.

Welcome to rec.climbbbb...errrr...rockclimbing.com. The weather report for tomorrow calls for more insults, cawksureness in the face of overwhelming ignorance(eh, dr.?), with scattered nastiness in the morning, turning into more general degradation by evening. A low pressure front lingering over the area should result in the pattern continuing .


drkodos


Mar 16, 2004, 9:18 AM
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In reply to:
i wonder how many of the people whining above about suing the manufacturers would be so vocal if it was their child/etc? especially in light of the fact that perhaps the family doesn't really understand climbing or climbers in depth.

kind of like supporting a war, it doesn't hit home until you go off to one and then help bury your friends.

I would feel the same.

I have lost friends AND family due to unfortunate circumstances. I have not sued.

I was taught accountability and responsibilty and I honor those lessons.

I was also taught that ignorance is never an excuse, and I honor that lesson as well.

There is an ingravescent problem today, symbolized by quaquaversal and nepheligenous arguments made by people incapable of resipiscence.


drkodos


Mar 16, 2004, 9:20 AM
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In reply to:
but you're attitudes and comments are degrading and inconsiderate.

The same has been stated is respect to your actions here and in the lawsuit.

So, if the shoe fits, buddy...

Unfortunately you are incapable of knowing my size.


kathy


Mar 16, 2004, 10:00 AM
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First of all, let me join the others in offering you and your family my sincere condolences for your loss.

Why has the point of the thread moved from "let's learn out of tragedy and how to avoid it" to "who and when one should sue"?

I will not voice an opinion on whether I agree or not with the court case - what's done is done... BUT, I am learning information which could be beneficial to me and my climbing mates .. isn't this what this web site is meant to be about.

let's not politicize the issue - and if someone wants to discuss the ethics of suing - why not start another thread and allow those who want to learn to be spared of insults being thrown at a mourning man.

K


drkodos


Mar 16, 2004, 10:10 AM
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In reply to:

let's not politicize the issue - and if someone wants to discuss the ethics of suing - why not start another thread and allow those who want to learn to be spared of insults being thrown at a mourning man.

K

Bullsheet.

His original post was not one of mourning but of soap boxery.

I was insulted by the original post.

Get back on the porch, little doggie.


kathy


Mar 16, 2004, 10:13 AM
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[quote="drkodos

Get back on the porch, little doggie.
yep! very stylish - when you disagree... insult - hope no offence was intended, becuase none was taken.

K


okinawatricam


Mar 16, 2004, 10:13 AM
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In reply to:
This was an ACCIDENT, but Kyle was a safe, responsible individual. He was in the process of making his second descent for the day, and was in the process of checking both lines to make
sure they were safe for descent. (He was with a youth group).

This part here doesn’t make much sense to me. Could you clarify it for me?

1.Second decent: he had already been down the rope once, and he was still not sure it was safe. I have never heard of checking the safety of a rope by rappelling on it before. Can you explain to me how that is done?

2.Why rappel face first when taking a youth group out? He was obviously there to teach them the safe and accepted technique, or was he?

3.Was another experience rappeller or climber with him, or was he alone with this youth group?




In reply to:
Clearly it was not the safest method of rappel that could have been used, and because his family was brave enough to take this to court, we can all talk about it and learn from it today.

1.We could have talked about this even more objectively if the court case was not mentioned. Why did you mention it? Why not just mention the accident?

2. If it is not the safest method, was use it when teaching a youth group?


drkodos


Mar 16, 2004, 10:25 AM
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In reply to:
[quote="drkodos

Get back on the porch, little doggie.

yep! very stylish - when you disagree... insult - hope no offence was intended, becuase none was taken.

K
Twas not an insult but a request for you to keep your meek, PC, sycophantic rhetoric to yourself, and a reminder that should you choose to address me I shall repond in whatever manner I see fit.

If you need a buffoon such as the original poster to learn from, you should put away the climbing rope and pick up knitting thread instead.


kathy


Mar 16, 2004, 11:32 AM
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Drkodos, there is a difference between not politically correct and plain rude.


dirtineye


Mar 16, 2004, 1:10 PM
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My condolences to the family.

This thread has value, as it points out the dangers of the Aussie rap method, and warns about problems with a way of using the figure 8, as well as a weakness of the screw gate carabiner.

While you have to have some bad luck to get all three failures to happen at once, it did happen.

What this tragedy says to me is, rappel is dangerous, aussie rappel is more dangerous, and failing to use a rappel backup is taking a big chance.

Since one person mentioned they might consider using the munter hitch rap method now. but they were concerned that the gate coudl be pushed open, and since I am a munter hitch rappel fan, I did something unusual for RC.com.

I took a Petzl William biner, and a rope, and set up a right handed brake side rappel with a munter hitch. Here is the result:

When the gate is on the left side adn the brake line is on the right side of a muner hitch, with the 'loop' of the munter on the side of the biner opposite the climber, in a descent the rope moves in the same direction as the gate tightens, at the point where the rope comes closest to the gate.

One more thing, this idea of opposing gates on a munter hitch is not right. To rap on a munter in the correct way, you need ONE HMS style biner. IF you are paranoid, use two, but do not oppose the gates. THe brake line might be riding right over one gate if you oppose gates, and if you use the double wrap on the brake side for extre friction the ropw will absolutely be rubbing on one of the gates.

I almost always back up my rappel. Hanging upsidedown by one leg loop is a situation I find preferable to being a bloddy mess on the rocks. I can deal with the former much better than I can with the latter.

I am not advocating the munter as a primary rap method for anyone, but if you are going to use it, do it right. Verify what I have said here through reliable sources.


bighigaz


Mar 16, 2004, 7:20 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
...those accusing me, (not just drkodos), are guilty of arrogance and gross audacity of climbing knowledge and superiority of self AND of vocabulary. I consider this prideful and immature, regardless of whatever wisdom and stature you may have.

Welcome to rec.climbbbb...errrr...rockclimbing.com. The weather report for tomorrow calls for more insults, cawksureness in the face of overwhelming ignorance(eh, dr.?), with scattered nastiness in the morning, turning into more general degradation by evening. A low pressure front lingering over the area should result in the pattern continuing .

Ha ha! creative... I'll agree with you that this is a definate pattern in many forums... All part of the whole weather system I suppose...

As far as the storm... It has been suggested that my original post was a soap box, for which I apologize. It was not intended to be so, but I will make no changes to it and let everyone else judge that accusation as they may. What would we do without these types of accusations? RC.com would be pretty boring without the kind of political catalysts we get from people like dr. kodos. I wouldn't change a thing about him! (However, I would save this kind of ranting and intellectual banter to another forum so as not to disrespect the deceased.)

To clarify a question by another post, Kyle descended a second time to check thesecond line before sending anyone down either one. (He had two ropes going).


bighigaz


Mar 16, 2004, 7:34 PM
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In reply to:
Twas not an insult but a request for you to keep your meek, PC, sycophantic rhetoric to yourself, and a reminder that should you choose to address me I shall repond in whatever manner I see fit.

If you need a buffoon such as the original poster to learn from, you should put away the climbing rope and pick up knitting thread instead.

What is it with telling people to hang up their climbing endeavors? If you ask me, this kind of attack is no more intelligent then "I know you are but what am I?" No matter what kind of fancy jibber-jabber you throw in to the language of it all... it's still childish. You're attempts to portray yourself as some gifted antagonist is nothing but. If you can't see this, then you're failing to see the big picture. You may continue to insult and degrade with your overinflated intelligence, and I'm sure we'll all keep reading in disgust trying to think of an intelligent response. But I'm sure many will back me up on this point -- "we don't give a rats."

Don't get me wrong, I love to debate, but like kathy put it, "there is a difference between not politically correct and plain rude."

You're a part of the climbing community bub, quit trying to shape it into what you think it should be. We're climbers and we're here to stay.

Yours trully,
the "Buffoon"


climberchic


Mar 16, 2004, 8:54 PM
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In reply to:
You may continue to insult and degrade with your overinflated intelligence, and I'm sure we'll all keep reading in disgust trying to think of an intelligent response.

Ahem...

I, personally, don't think there is any kind of intelligence to his insults. He is just on his bipolar down side or forgot to take his meds this week, because "dammit, I don't NEEEEEED 'em!"

Kodos~

The truly intelligent man will tell you that the whole reason for speaking...check that.... the whole reason that language was even INVENTED, was to communicate a thought, idea or feeling to another.

When you open your mouth to express said thought, idea, or feeling, and use meaningless* words of which you know the receiver has no knowledge, and therefore, no use of....not only are you not successfully communicating, you are just blowing hot air.

Either that, or you are just trying to showboat your seemingly vast intelligence instead of communicate. But....


How intelligent would that be?


~Erica

*Before you start in with the dictionary defintions of all said meaningless words, please realize,

In reply to:
"we don't give a rats."


cedk


Mar 16, 2004, 9:56 PM
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I think Okinawatricam is asking the right questions.


mattiem


Mar 16, 2004, 10:42 PM
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All the people who have been saying "Wow i never thought of that" you should have. If you are climber you have to understand your gear. If there is ANY part of your climbing system you HAVEN'T scrutinized, STOP CLIMBING until you take the time to do it.

You are responsible for these issues. Everyone here saying they are extremely safe and competent climbers yet never thought about inward forces on their gates aren't as safe as you thought you were.

Don't complain saying no one ever told you about the gate strength you should have thought of it on your own.

If you lack the skill to make critical evaluations of your gear then DON"T CLIMB.

peas
matt


okinawatricam


Mar 16, 2004, 10:45 PM
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In reply to:

Quote:
This was an ACCIDENT, but Kyle was a safe, responsible individual. He was in the process of making his second descent for the day, and was in the process of checking both lines to make
sure they were safe for descent. (He was with a youth group).

This part here doesn’t make much sense to me. Could you clarify it for me?

1.Second decent: he had already been down the rope once, and he was still not sure it was safe. I have never heard of checking the safety of a rope by rappelling on it before. Can you explain to me how that is done?

2.Why rappel face first when taking a youth group out? He was obviously there to teach them the safe and accepted technique, or was he?

3.Was another experience rappeller or climber with him, or was he alone with this youth group?

In reply to:
To clarify a question by another post, Kyle descended a second time to check thesecond line before sending anyone down either one. (He had two ropes going).

I don’t think you answered the most important part of the question, how do check the safety of the rope by rappelling (Aussie) on it?

Question 2 and 3 were not even touched, but I think they could clear up some issues. Would you answer them for me?



In reply to:
Clearly it was not the safest method of rappel that could have been used, and because his family was brave enough to take this to court, we can all talk about it and learn from it today.

1.We could have talked about this even more objectively if the court case was not mentioned. Why did you mention it? Why not just mention the accident?

2. If it is not the safest method, was use it when teaching a youth group?

These two questioned were overlooked too.


I don’t want to attack you or you friend’s credibility and experience. I am trying to understand the whole situation, at this time I don’t. Could you clarify some those issues?


csoles


Mar 16, 2004, 10:50 PM
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This mode of carabiner failure has been public knowledge for nearly a decade. It was mentioned in Rock & Ice magazine in '97 in the carabiner review. And the BMC issued an advisory before that. Probably is in ANAM as well. It's strictly the result of user error and has nothing to do with defective design.

Pointing to a picture in the chapter on BELAYING in FOTH doesn't help the ludicrous argument that a sport belay can be used for a rappel. That method is certainly not shown in the next chapter on RAPPELING where they also describe how to backup rappels.

There aren't any climbing books that even describe how to do an Aussie Rappel. You won't find any accredited climbing schools teaching it either. Or any climbing harnesses designed for it. It's well known as a dangerous technique and has no place in the climbing world.

So this is a case of ignorance upon ignorance upon ignorance combining to kill someone. Sad. But I wouldn't call it an accident, just an inevitable. The fault was in the education and supervision, or lack thereof.

Even sadder that the rest of the climbing community will pay the price of the blood-sucking lawyers and gutless insurance companies for a frivolous lawsuit settled out of court. Was this case in Phoenix?


curt


Mar 17, 2004, 12:11 AM
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In reply to:
This mode of carabiner failure has been public knowledge for nearly a decade. It was mentioned in Rock & Ice magazine in '97 in the carabiner review. And the BMC issued an advisory before that. Probably is in ANAM as well. It's strictly the result of user error and has nothing to do with defective design.

Pointing to a picture in the chapter on BELAYING in FOTH doesn't help the ludicrous argument that a sport belay can be used for a rappel. That method is certainly not shown in the next chapter on RAPPELING where they also describe how to backup rappels.

There aren't any climbing books that even describe how to do an Aussie Rappel. You won't find any accredited climbing schools teaching it either. Or any climbing harnesses designed for it. It's well known as a dangerous technique and has no place in the climbing world.

So this is a case of ignorance upon ignorance upon ignorance combining to kill someone. Sad. But I wouldn't call it an accident, just an inevitable. The fault was in the education and supervision, or lack thereof.

Even sadder that the rest of the climbing community will pay the price of the blood-sucking lawyers and gutless insurance companies for a frivolous lawsuit settled out of court. Was this case in Phoenix?

Very well put, Clyde.

Curt


okinawatricam


Mar 17, 2004, 1:30 AM
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Thanks Clyde, I couldn’t agree more with you on this.

As climbers, we all need to accept responsibility for our actions. We also need to teach our family what climbing is.

If this case had gone in front of a jury, the defense would have lost. (I'd bet on that) Of course, if the jury would have been made up of climbers, the defense wouldn’t have stood a chance.

Cases like this make it hard for those of us who try to keep climbing access on private property open to do so. In the eye of the public, this rappeller was an expert who took youth groups out.


jt512


Mar 17, 2004, 2:16 AM
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In reply to:
I'm sorry it took another death for the word to get out that rappelling using the fig-8 (or any stiff metal device with a hole that can catch on and lever the gate) is dangerous.

I'm not going to read through all 7 pages of comments, so sorry if this has been said a million times. I agree with cracklover.

The most foolproof way to avoid having your figure 8 lever open your locking carabiner on rappel is to throw away your figure 8. If for some reason you must use a figure 8, don't thread the locking carabiner through your harness's tie-in points. This practice can stabilize the carabiner in the crossloaded position, which increases the chances that the figure 8 will lever open the biner. Instead, attach the locking carabiner to your belay loop. If you harness doesn't have a belay loop, throw your harness away along with your figure 8. Always check the position of your carabiner at the start of a rappel to ensure that it is not crossloaded.

-Jay


dirtineye


Mar 17, 2004, 2:32 AM
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HAHAH JT, "Take your figure 8 and throw it as far as you can and leave it there.", is the advice I gave to someone this morning.


joneiche


Mar 17, 2004, 3:16 AM
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I agree with drkodos has it right. If you choose to purchase equipment you need to understand its limitations. What happened is not something that anyone other than the user should be responsible for. This particular problem with figure eights was reported on by the UIAA as early as 2000.

http://journal.uiaa.ch/download/20003.pdf.

Check it out! Learn about your equipment!

To place the blame on the manufacturers, unfortunately, is seeming to become the "American Way". If you, as an individual, choose to trust your life to a piece of aluminum, you better damn well know how to use it properly.

Bighigaz, to trust the knowledge within a book without actual "human" education on how to properly use a product is your fault. To trust your advice was Kyle's fault, not REI's or Hugh Banner's. Minor axis strength is not gate strength. It is individual user personal responsibility to understand the limitations of thier gear. Don't blame those that sold it to you. You purchase, you PAY!

It is unfortunate that it takes a death for people to ask questions, which have been addressed, about the equipment they use and its proper use.[url


csoles


Mar 17, 2004, 5:28 PM
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Still would like to know what city the trial was held in.

Also which issue of ANAM is this reported? The accident must have been 2 or 3 years ago to get this far along. If the intent of the lawsuit was to inform others, surely it's written up there.

Local papers also would have covered it so a link to articles would be helpful.


yay_chris


Mar 17, 2004, 6:12 PM
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Does this whole thread mean that it's safer to use an ATC to rappel rather than a figure-8?

If a figure-8 can bust a biner that easily - I'd certainly change over to an ATC...


curt


Mar 17, 2004, 6:37 PM
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In reply to:
Does this whole thread mean that it's safer to use an ATC to rappel rather than a figure-8?

If a figure-8 can bust a biner that easily - I'd certainly change over to an ATC...

You can certainly rappel safely with a figure 8 device, but there are more things that can go wrong while using one--so, you have to pay more attention to what you are doing. Therefore, if you define "safer" as more foolproof, then yes--an ATC or similar device is safer than an 8, since the flexible wire on these types of devices can not lever open the gate on the rappel carabiner.

Curt


jt512


Mar 17, 2004, 7:01 PM
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In reply to:
Does this whole thread mean that it's safer to use an ATC to rappel rather than a figure-8?

If a figure-8 can bust a biner that easily - I'd certainly change over to an ATC...

Yes. That is exactly what it means.

-Jay


yay_chris


Mar 17, 2004, 8:59 PM
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ATC it is then...


madmax


Mar 17, 2004, 9:21 PM
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I'm willing to bet that if warnings had been plastered all over the devices in question here, Kyle still would have done what he did, which, frankly, was stupid. Suing the the companies is not the direction we need to go.


bighigaz


Mar 18, 2004, 1:22 AM
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Hey everyone... sorry about the lack of response to your questions... I'm just trying to keep up with my busy days at work...

I'll try to clarify some more points here:

Kyle was rappelling Aussie style, which at this point I think we can all agree was unsafe WITH the method of belay he was using. ("Sport mode" as referred to by Mountaineering: Freedom of the Hills.) This basically means the rope was rapped around the biner, instead of the neck of the eight, but still through the larger opening. To clarify, I did not actually learn this method in 'Mountaineering," but in a 2000 Petzil catalog. At which point I consulted with several climbing friends with more experience than I had at that point. They expressed their points of concern and interest, but felt that the method was acceptable, though caution should be used as in any descent. I admit I did not use the method often, as I was a "climber" and rappelling was just a necessary evil. Nevertheless, I did discuss the method with Kyle, along with several others. We talked about anchor set ups, back up methods, and all sorts of scenarios - the dangers of crossloading, and/or lever loading of the gate was probably part of the conversation as well, because I had been aware of it for some time. Some of what we talked about was new to him, and some of it was old information... though I could hardly remember our discussions to that amount of detail. That day (two weeks before the accident) we both rappelled aussie style AND military, using several forms of belay, including the method that caused the accident.

Okinawatricam, I hope these next few paragraphs answer your two questions:
Kyle had been a recreational rappeller for some time, though he was not a regular climber. As far as I can recall, he PREFERRED aussie style to abseiling (sitting), and he was quite good at it. He checked and double checked all his points of safety just as any of us should. When he was checking the lines for a safe descent, I can only assume that he used aussie because he preferred it, along with the fact that he would there for have full view of the line below, and one free hand to work out the snags and tangles before letting any of the group descend the fixed lines. Now, I'm sure many of us have had moments of hurried anticipation where we realized that we had over looked something critical just before climbing, or rappelling... I have heard of a number of deaths due to "small" over sights that lead to big problems.

Examples:
-rappelling off the end of the rope (forgot to tie a knot in the end);
-falling from the anchors at the top of a pitch (forgot to finish the figure eight or bowline on the harness);
-forgeting to lock the gate of the caribiner (some inward force opens it);
-back clipping the quickdraw (taking a long, painful whipper);
-pulling up too much slack before a clip (I witnessed a 25' deck fall as a result);
-not wearing a helmet (getting pounded senseless by loose rock fall)

Point is, it doesn't make us stupid, just unsafe. Kyle MIGHT have forgotten to orient his biner and eight before the descent, thus resulting in inward lever forces on the gate, OR he may have leaned too far to one side or the other causing the eight to move into the levered position. I really don't know what caused the inward force, only that it occured.

Okin's 3rd question was whether or not Kyle had another experienced climber or rappeller with him... This is a very GOOD question, but I honestly don't know (nor did I know any of the other individuals there except his wife). Now that I think about it, I am quite surprised that question didn't come up in court! To be quite honest, I thought the details excracted from the testimonies were somewhat inadequate for the Jury, but I of course had no control over this. Attorneys only want to get the information they think will help them prove their case, and neither one understood much about rappelling until they took on the case. I'd like to find out who else was there, but give me some time, I don't really feel I should re-address the matter with his family for a little while.

Oh, and I agree with you Ikin... It probably would have been better to address this whole issue WITHOUT the mention of the lawsuit... But it's too late for that... plus I do like some of the points that have been discussed as a result, despite the critisism. It is probably worth mentioning (again) that the Jury WAS going to deliver a defense verdict, but for some reason HB wanted to settle before recieving it. This is sort of confusing to me, but something to think about...


okinawatricam


Mar 18, 2004, 1:56 AM
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From what I have read so far, your friend was not qualified in any way to take a youth group out. He may even have been inmature, but I do't know for sure.

Still don't understand the whole checking ropes on rappel thing, maybe I am dense. Could Kyle have been showing off?


acrophobic


Mar 18, 2004, 5:49 PM
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I can't help but compare this case to someone suing a cam manufacturer because it blew out of a crack due to bad placement. Yes a cam can save your life, if used correctly.

From what I have read:

1) The safety concerns of this rappel are widely known
2) Kyle knew it was not the safest method, but used it because he enjoyed it.
3) Crossloading problems with a figure 8 is widely known. ( I would compare it to the falure in quickdraws if you backclip or z-clip.. only works if you use it right)
4) Was he certified to be teaching? If he was, he should of been aware of the documented problems.. if he was not, then he shouldn't of been teaching a youth group.
5) He obviously did something wrong (like not checking his gear positions)

It is not surprising that the court would rule in favor of the defense really. I would guess they settled to avoid bad press. (i can see the headlines now: "Climbing Gear causes death: Victims family's case shut down!") The media loves to gobble up human intrest stories like that.

This is why I always tell my family that what I do is dangerous and if I were hurt or killed, it would probably be due to an error on my part.


jakedatc


Mar 18, 2004, 6:43 PM
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i agree against the lawsuit.. gear that fails due to human error is right on the package the fault of the user
Even my Rumney Guidebook! "... If you do screw up and get hurt, don't even think about blaming someone else. you made the decision to walk up to the cliff and get on a particular route......Hae fun, but climb safely, and take responsibility for your own actions."(pg4)

In reply to:
I can only assume that he used aussie because he preferred it, along with the fact that he would there for have full view of the line below, and one free hand to work out the snags and tangles

There is nothing you cannot see or fix while using a sit rappel rather then aussie style.. you always use one hand for braking and can see just as much sitting as going face down...

Jake


bighigaz


Mar 18, 2004, 7:44 PM
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The accident occured in Papago Park, the Trial took place in Phoenix...


cfnubbler


Mar 18, 2004, 7:55 PM
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In reply to:
Still would like to know what city the trial was held in.

Pheonix. I have a friend who testified as an "expert witness" for the defense.

-Nubbler


okinawatricam


Mar 19, 2004, 1:37 AM
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Someone posed the question about whether or not he was certified. I America, there is no reconized certification program. I have met plenty of people who went through a certification program that I wouldn't trust.

They are some groups who offer certications, but you don't need it. Overall I have mixed feelings about that.

Rappelling is dangerous, Aussie is useless, aussie style while teaching a youth group is recklace. "Guides/instructors" like this give the rest of us in the guiding community a bad image.


curt


Mar 19, 2004, 1:43 AM
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In reply to:
Someone posed the question about whether or not he was certified. I America, there is no reconized certification program. I have met plenty of people who went through a certification program that I wouldn't trust.

They are some groups who offer certications, but you don't need it. Overall I have mixed feelings about that.

Rappelling is dangerous, Aussie is useless, aussie style while teaching a youth group is recklace. "Guides/instructors" like this give the rest of us in the guiding community a bad image.

Hey okinowa,

I know little about guiding, but isn't AMGA the certifying entity in the US?

Curt


okinawatricam


Mar 19, 2004, 1:44 AM
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Someone posed the question about whether or not he was certified. I America, there is no recognized certification program, although some are recommended over others. I have met plenty of people who went through a certification program that I wouldn't trust.

They are some groups who offer cortication, but you don't need it to guide. Overall I have mixed feelings about that. The public doesn’t know enough about the guiding industry to check into it, and some dangerous people are printing business card up and guiding.

Rappelling is dangerous; Aussie is useless, Aussie style while teaching a youth group is wreck lace. "Guides/instructors" like this give the rest of us in the guiding community a bad image.

HOW LONG HAD HE BEEN RAPPELLING WHEN HE TOOK THE GROUP OUT?

I ASK BECAUSE ONE OF YOUR COMENT ABOUT TEACHING HIM TO ANCHOR MAKES ME THINK HE WAS NEW O THIS, MAYBE A MONTH OR SO.


Some comments you have made also make me wonder how experienced you are?

I know lots of people who have been "climbing" for %&^%years, but have learned nothing in that time.


okinawatricam


Mar 19, 2004, 1:48 AM
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No, AMGA would like to be, but they are not.

To guide legally in America, you contact the landowner and make the arrangement with them.

National parks and Forrest have criteria’s that you as a business/guide need to meet, most revolve around Liability insurance. Beyond that, anyone can guide.

AMGA helps in many cases, but many long time professional guides won’t have anything to do with them.

Many big guide services offer their own internal certification programs. Some are good, some are lacking.


moondog


Mar 19, 2004, 4:33 PM
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A few quick notes on this thread:

1. Gate-leverage carabiner failure mode
Good to see some discussion on this - noteworthy that knowledge of this phenomenon does not appear to be common among climbers. One thing not widely discussed is the fact that very little force is required to break the locking sleeve when leverage is applied. Though some carabiners may resist 500 lbs under certain test conditions, the leverage created by a fig. 8 or other rigid device can easily reduce the sleeve breaking force to significantly less than bodyweight.

2. "Sport Method" of belaying
A method is shown in the technical notice for Petzl figure 8s (http://www.petzl.com/...ervices/PS_188_1.pdf) that some may be referring to as the "sport method". This method is described by Petzl for use on toprope only, and as an "Exceptional use requiring great experience" in contrast to "Recommended" techniques. Also shown is the gate-leverage failure mode mentioned above.

3. Runaway litigation
There is a perception in the US that its population (esp. lawyers) have become overly litigious. One famous case often held up as proof of this is the McDonald's coffee case (Woman spills coffee on self - sues and gets $3 million!). Anyone who thinks this suit was frivolous is simply ignorant of the facts. The facts of the case clearly show McDonald's pattern of negligence and its culpability in the burns rec'd by the vicitim (3rd degree burns over 16% of her body). The vicitim was also held partly liable because she spilled the coffee. See http://www.centerjd.org/...ree/MB_mcdonalds.htm for more info.

My condolences to Kyle's family. Be careful out there...nobody's perfect...it can happen to you, too.

hank

----
> opinion expressed in this post is mine, not Petzl's <


montgomerywick


Mar 19, 2004, 4:50 PM
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let me add what I know about the McDonald's case, bearing in mind I read about the case along time ago and it is second hand info, so facts may be fuzzy or out right wrong...

the reason McD's got tagged was largely b/c they knew this was a problem among their franchises but did not do anything to warn them..McD's are franchises...but the corporate franchisor McDs was collecting this burn info from its franchises, not warning them, and then denied they knew it was a problem...classic scenerio to have a jury "burn" you in return.

I have refrained from commenting about the aussie rappel method, but I agree with the above poster that it is reckless to use it, esp. in that setting...I have been climbing for 11years and never once use it...the second time i went climbing back in '93, I saw someone do it and my mentor said it was stupid, reckless and asking for trouble...that was all I ever neeeded to know.


bflank


Mar 19, 2004, 5:26 PM
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In reply to:
Rappelling is dangerous, Aussie is useless, aussie style while teaching a youth group is recklace. "Guides/instructors" like this give the rest of us in the guiding community a bad image.

I can't disagree with you that it is bad form at best to demonstrate aussie style rappel for a group of newbies. But I do disagree with your statement that Aussie is useless. It is exceptionally useful in a situation with the need to have a hand free and be looking down while rappelling. However this need is typically limited to police and military who need that hand free for a weapon - in which case additonal risk of the technique is balanced by a tactical requirement.

One other point, as a caver I always learned that when rappelling is the primary purpose of your activity rather than incidental (as it is for climbers) the rappell biner should be a big beefy steel locker. I don't know if that would have made any difference in this instance but it couldn't have possibly hurt.

B. Flank


bighigaz


Mar 21, 2004, 4:11 AM
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Again, some excellent points and information have been expressed... that petzl catalog is excellent, and it just so happens that kyle was using the 2nd method shown on page 3. It says it can be used on top rope and lower of top rope... though rappelling on a fixed line is not addressed for any of the methods shown... This would not justify it's use at this point, of course. I think that after all the discussion that has been presented, it really doesn't matter what a book might say, the method has already been shown to be dangerous and even fatal. Let's all leave it alone...

I am increasingly impressed at the amount of information that everyone in this forum has been able to present... the defense AND the prosecution seemed to have a lot of difficulty finding a significant amount of published information on the subject, but there seems to be a lot more out there than I originally thought. Just shows what we can come up with when we all get together on a topic.

Also, it was asked if Kyle had any significant experience. Yes, he had been rappelling for some time. He bought equipment at REI 2 years prior to the accident... and he had already been rappelling prior to that. Also, he was a youth leader with a CHURCH group, and the Church is very well insured when it comes to youth activities. Also, Kyle wasn't teaching the kids Aussie Style rappelling, only using it himself as he descended the fixed lines to take out the tangles... I've used it for this purpose as well myself, and it worked pretty well for the purpose... though I prefer military/abseiling for pure recreational purposes... Really I just prefer climbing--rappelling is a necessary evil.

As for myself, I started climbing and rappelling when I was 12 years old, and when I was 17 or 18 I was certified by the Army for Military Rappell... I'll be 28 this year, but as someone mentioned in another post, that is irrelevant, as some people have been climbing for years and still know very little about the sport. I consider myself a student and novice every time I am out there, and I only share information as I think it is safe and beneficial to the receiver, and under the understanding that I am not an "expert". I shared a lot of information with Kyle that day... Some of it was new, some old. He knew what was required to be safe, but he was willing to learn more, as we all should be. Though, for me, the use of a figure eight at all has been boycotted as a result of this case, AND this forum. Hindsight is, of course, 20/20... for those of us who are fortunate enough not to be the example.


drunkencabanaboy


Mar 21, 2004, 5:28 AM
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I can't believe how much disrespect people have on this thread.

guys, at the end of the day we are talking about a human life that has been cut short in a tragic accident.

leave it up to the judge/jury as to whether or not the case has/had merit. This is no place for that - and making people feel bad for testifying is just wrong - not to mention accusing them of being directly responsible for the death.

where's the good karma?


jakedatc


Mar 21, 2004, 8:53 PM
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Drunk..

from original post
In reply to:
I gained some important knowledge from the entire event that I think should be shared with all climbers and mountaineers. If this information is be helpful to the safety of even one individual, than I will be at ease.
It hasn't been disrespect.. it's been an indepth look into what happened and how it could have been and can be prevented in the future


okinawatricam


Mar 22, 2004, 1:19 AM
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In reply to:
can't believe how much disrespect people have on this thread.

guys, at the end of the day we are talking about a human life that has been cut short in a tragic accident.

leave it up to the judge/jury as to whether or not the case has/had merit. This is no place for that - and making people feel bad for testifying is just wrong - not to mention accusing them of being directly responsible for the death.

where's the good karma?
Actually, don’t think this tread was placed here for the purpose of informing and honoring the dead rapeller. The poster said specifically that he wanted the information passed out so it didn’t happen again. From what I see most people were very respectful.

I went through the Army Air assault school and I was certified as a “rappel master” too, I would use any off those methods for recreation. As a matter in fact, the schools stress that fact over and over during the entire process.

I am always leery of those who use the Military cliff assault type schools as evidence of their experience. (I currently live on a marine base in Okinawa).


ryanhos


Mar 22, 2004, 6:50 AM
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In reply to:
Along this note, how difficult would it be for the manufacture to raise the quality of aluminum for the locking apparatus to be equal to that of the rest of the caribiner? Could this have made a difference? Probably.

Nearly Impossible considering the size of the shear surface and the possible forces involved. Furthremore, you could make the gate retainer stronger to resist the inward force, but then you'd just have to beef up the hinge pin. A carabiner is a give and take device. You give some strength and you take some convenience.

However, I am glad that I read this thread because it has certainly reminded me of the importance of going through force scenarios in my head while climbing/rapping/anchor setting.


unabonger


Mar 22, 2004, 7:48 PM
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In reply to:
US lawsystem is a farse. you can sue anybody becasue they didnt tell you not to do something stupid. like if you ran your car into a tree and sued the manufascturer for not posting "dont colide with trees or you might die" in the car manual.

sounds like darwin at work to me.

Ahh, the misinformed arguing about the irrelevant with the ignorant!Overlord, you need a primer on the principles of tort law.

What do you think would happen if we didn't have the right to sue for the damages caused by defective products? Manufacturers would create unsafe products that would kill you and they would get away scot free. Do you think butchers give you clean, healthy beef because there are a few dozen meat inspectors checking them once every five years? No, its because they would suffer bigtime if they make you sick. There is a lot of exaggeration regarding frivoulous lawsuits. Many are thrown out summarily. Many, many more lawsuits are legitimate questions of liability because families are hurt by the irresponsible actions of companies.

Did you ever wonder why Bush wants to limit awards in these lawsuits? Because the big companies that support him hate being threatened by people they've wronged. They'd rather provide shoddy, dangerous merchandise and not worry about what happens to the users.

All of this has little to do with the case in the original post, because he never mentioned the disposition! But remember--tort law is our last, best defense against powerful, politically connected companies that don't give a **** about you or your family.

The TortBonger


overlord


Mar 22, 2004, 7:57 PM
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yes, you should have the right to sue the manufacturer for a faulty product. but its hardly manufacturers fault if the product faile because you used it wrongly.

i agree that most lawsuits are legitimate, but some arent. and some are a joke.

i use locking biners and i NEVER assumed htat the punny little alluminium ring that locks the gate can hold any sort of a force. so i make sure that no such force is working on hte biner in question. and thats called common sense.


curt


Mar 22, 2004, 9:01 PM
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In reply to:
All of this has little to do with the case in the original post, because he never mentioned the disposition! But remember--tort law is our last, best defense against powerful, politically connected companies that don't give a **** about you or your family.
Sure he did. He said the case was settled, prior to verdict.

Curt


skiclimb


Mar 23, 2004, 5:50 PM
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For what it is worth ...I have clearly stated to all of my family that in the event of my death in climbing thay should not sue under ANY circumstances...While manufactures are capable of mistakes that could lead to my death they are in my opinion less prone to do so than I am...I have certainly done things in climbing that had I been particularly unlucky at that time would have killed me.

I would feel that my life was insulted should there be a lawsuit that detrimentally affected the sport and lifestyle I love.


moondog


Mar 23, 2004, 6:37 PM
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Readers of this thread may be interested in the article beginning on p 14 of SUMMIT No. 23 entitled, "Risk, Freedom & The Law" :

http://www.thebmc.co.uk/...issues/SUMMIT_23.pdf

hm


Partner cracklover


Mar 23, 2004, 7:26 PM
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In reply to:
Readers of this thread may be interested in the article beginning on p 14 of SUMMIT No. 23 entitled, "Risk, Freedom & The Law" :

http://www.thebmc.co.uk/...issues/SUMMIT_23.pdf

hm

Interesting article. Can any lawyerly types comment on whether US laws are substantively different in any way from whats described (presumably British law) in the article?

GO


plumeria


Mar 24, 2004, 12:43 AM
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Thanks for the very useful Petzl reference - seeing a picture certainly helps me visualize what the "sports belay" look like.

I am having a hard time understanding the diagram on page 3. What is being shown in each column of the table at the end showing Recommended, Great Experience needed to do, and Death?

I guess that the first 4 columns are for climbing (some belaying lead, some belaying second I guess) and the last 2 are for rapelling (or is one top roping)?

thanks

Peter
p.s. to counter my first point, sometimes a few words are more helpful then cryptic pictures


moondog


Mar 25, 2004, 12:50 AM
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I guess that the first 4 columns are for climbing (some belaying lead, some belaying second I guess) and the last 2 are for rapelling (or is one top roping)?

1st 4 (L to R) deal with various belaying situations, and the last two address lowering.

sometimes a few words are more helpful then cryptic pictures

agreed, and having both is even better...


robn


Mar 26, 2004, 12:15 PM
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One thing you said in your very first post was that Hugh Banner and REI are "enormous" companies.

Now I can believe that REI might count as "enormous(ish)" on some scales, but by any sensible evaluation, HB is a tiny company. It's not the case of an international giant corp that can well afford to cope with lawsuits. It's of the size where one adverse decision could put it out of business entirely.

Just a thought to consider.


dontjinxme


Mar 26, 2004, 1:00 PM
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Lets not turn this thread into a war on ethics. The original poster was trying to share some very nice to know information.
Whats happened has happened. Let us learn from it and move on.

Thanks to the original poster for the message.


akclimber


Apr 8, 2004, 9:04 AM
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Evidence. :lol:


cratercreator


Apr 8, 2004, 7:42 PM
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I believe that the manufacturer should give some indication of risk. Specificly on the locking mechanism. Any indication of possible flaws.
I say possible because if you don't think they are liable then their not. If you do then take them to court, but be prepared. That's what our whole court system is about.
The benefit the company would receive from the indication they send with their product would be a clause that releases them from liability, and more living climbers to buy more products.
The message I get from the family is that this circumstance can be recreated, and until it is known among climbers that it is Another potential risk in climbing then it could possibly go on.

On top of all of this, the corporation knew of this potential risk but didn't inform their consumers. This in and of itself places some liability on them. 10% maybe. I don't know.

How much of this death would rest on this corporations shoulders. If I had accepted the known risks of climbing and died due to trusted gear. I would have liked to have known that this equipment could get turned the wrong way (very easily) and rendered the whole experience fatal.

In court it's not black or white right or wrong. Their's shared responsibilities; lots of grey areas. With these final statements I arrest my case.

If Kyle died 95% at fault how much is the information witheld by this company worth?

If a man's life is worthless, how much is 5% worth?


Just some thoughts. Be nice if Kyle had some left.


Partner cracklover


Apr 8, 2004, 8:54 PM
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cratercreator, I disagree with you about one very important thing, and that is what the manufacturers responsibilities *should* be.

The manufacturer should be responsible for delivering a product with which the user can have a high confidence that all of the components will function up to the spec defined by the UIAA. The role of understanding the safe use of that product should be *entirely* the responsibility of the user. Period.

GO


cratercreator


Apr 8, 2004, 9:07 PM
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that is interesting. And I do agree. But, would be a very good Idea for manufacturers to inform their consumers of what some believe is a imperfection/flaw (place whatever word their). It's just good business plus it shoots holes in frivolous law suits.

I feel very safe with this one; the weakest part of the product is the locking mechanism.

My slight skepticism only points out that how much should they responsible for. This could be a ground breaking case. Cigarette companies are required to put Surgeon General warnings for people knowing their killing themselves. I smoke. I accept the risk. It's a little harder for me to sue now. (if I wanted too, I would lose) whether or not I pay attention or not is up to me. But lack of information I think is the culprit here. That company and others like it have that information. Not that they should be penalized for withholding this information, but they should be required to inform us directly not through 3rd party articles.

Alive climbers buy more equipment.
It's just good business. Again.


ambler


Apr 8, 2004, 9:23 PM
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In reply to:
cratercreator, I disagree with you about one very important thing, and that is what the manufacturers responsibilities *should* be.

The manufacturer should be responsible for delivering a product with which the user can have a high confidence that all of the components will function up to the spec defined by the UIAA. The role of understanding the safe use of that product should be *entirely* the responsibility of the user. Period.

GO

This is well said, and goes to the heart of how I see this case -- quite differently from the original poster. It's very sad that bad judgment led to a needless death, but the bad judgment came not from HB.


cratercreator


Apr 8, 2004, 9:40 PM
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Their comes a time when regulations need to be changed. We've seen this with our constitution. The courtroom is were these changes are made.
I don't believe that these companies should be penalized, but required by new regulations to inform the consumer of the weakest link of this device to create awareness of possible dangers. The company did their part in creating a product to standards. Great, someone died using failing equipment that meets UIAA standards. The UIAA standards obviously are not perfect. The company was aware of a weakness overlooked by the UIAA. Does this make them at fault? I don't know. Whether or not they are penalized is not for me to say.
I know now to pay special attention to the position of my equipment now. How many consumers aren't aware of this. Maybe the fruits of this lawsuit will save someone's life.

I don't know about you people but I want to know everything. not it all. just everything. So I can live with more confidence than yesterday. Personaly I've become a little bit safer just from reading this incredibly long and repetitive thread.


robmcc


Apr 8, 2004, 9:50 PM
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In reply to:
that is interesting. And I do agree. But, would be a very good Idea for manufacturers to inform their consumers of what some believe is a imperfection/flaw (place whatever word their). It's just good business plus it shoots holes in frivolous law suits.

It also creates an expectation that the manufacturer will tell you how to not hurt yourself in every conceivable way. McDonalds now warns me that coffee is hot. Krazy Glue warns me that getting glue on my fingers will make them stick to things. How long before the water coming out of your tap has little bits of paper in it warning that inhalation may be fatal?

Come on. You can't possibly cover every possible misuse, and loading the gate of a carabiner is a misuse.

Rob


cratercreator


Apr 8, 2004, 10:24 PM
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But suprisingly weaker than expected.
That's the whole deal.
They put maximum load info, but neglect to mention the gate strength.
I'm not saying that they should have a warning label on everything. Only that they had information that is of some use. I don't need a gear manufacturer to tell me if I fall off a cliff It may result in injury or death. But I do need one to tell me the maximum load on every part of this product. It's purpose is keep me alive. All the information I can get about this product is important. whether or not they win or lose future law suits or that one for any matter, I want to know. I need a credible source, preferably from the manufacturer not a third party journalist.


moondog


Apr 8, 2004, 11:34 PM
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Part of the problem is leverage. The failure mode under discussion can happen with rigid devices such as fig. 8, brake bar rack, via ferrata self-belay plate, etc. Each of these devices can impart a great deal of leverage on the gate. As mentioned before, the force required to break the locking sleeve with such leverage is significantly less than bodyweight. Awareness of the problem can do a lot more toward preventing injuries than providing an arguably meaningless rating for the locking sleeve.


nicklikesfire


Apr 9, 2004, 12:23 AM
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Condolences to everyone involved in this accident.

I think law suits suck, but I have quite a bit of respect for James for being really down te earth and cool about this whole thing.


billcoe_


Sep 20, 2005, 5:08 AM
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To those who didn't read my post earlier and did not understand. If you cross load a locked carabiner, especially with a figure 8, it can, it will and it sometimes does break the gate off in a sideways motion, then the figure 8 will come right off leaving you with nothing and you will die if you are rappelling and over the edge.
______________________________________________________________

Final note?

By most accounts, the HB offsets were the strongest, best fitting (especially in flaring situations) SAFEST nuts in the world.

They are no longer available or made

HB just went out of business.


Partner cracklover


Sep 20, 2005, 1:12 PM
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In reply to:
HB just went out of business.

Do you have reason to believe that the lawsuit referred to in this thread, or others like it, played a significant part in their demise?

GO


docontherock


Sep 20, 2005, 2:22 PM
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Final note?

By most accounts, the HB offsets were the strongest, best fitting (especially in flaring situations) SAFEST nuts in the world.

They are no longer available or made

HB just went out of business.


Lucky for us, DMM has picked up the line and will start with the brassies!!! Supposedly they have acquired the machining and everything (Search for other string on this site).


Partner tim


Sep 20, 2005, 6:12 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
HB just went out of business.

Do you have reason to believe that the lawsuit referred to in this thread, or others like it, played a significant part in their demise?

Note: I am not Bill and I'm not speaking for him.

I (personally) was under the impression that HB had been seeking a buyer for some time, and, failing to find one, determined that liquidation was the appropriate exit strategy. DMM has purchased some of the most valuable assets (tools, dies, and machining) for eg. Offsets; while HB biners may in fact have been among the safest made (I believe Yates Gear purchased some of those designs, in fact, and few manufacturers have a more ardent following among the "bomber stuff" crowd than John Yates), that does not equate to them being the best marketed or most successful.

The idea that someone can win a lawsuit for punitive damages due to improperly crossloading a locker in an Aussie rappel is revolting to me, regardless of whether the settlement played a role in HB's demise. The Aussie method is inherently riskier than a standard abseil, and if a user were truly concerned with safety, I assert that they would use either two ovals reversed and opposed, with a backup, or a free-axis spidered rap device (eg. a 24" sling girth-hitched to one's tie-in, terminating at the rappel device biner, locking or redundant ovals), with a backup. Eliminating a single point of failure through redundancy or adaptation (see above for my standard free-hanging rappel setup, which has probably saved my bacon several times by now) is standard practice in most other risky sports (backup chutes even for base jumpers, buddy system for cave divers). Why should climbing somehow be different? (Yes, I climb with twin ropes on occasion... the occasion usually being sharp rock or full-length rappels)

Any presumption of safety in a gravity sport which is normally considered too risky for most insurance companies to cover, is ludicrous. Lay down your bets and take your chances. Hedge your own bets as necessary.

I am terribly sorry for Kyle's loss, and his friends and family certainly have my sympathies, but this verdict and its possible role in HB's demise trouble me greatly. This sport is doomed (at least in the United States) if people cannot accept responsibility for their endeavors, and do their own background research. If that warning sticker were in place and Kyle was killed by rockfall, would you sue the landowner? (Oh -- wait -- we've already got one of those suits happening right now. My condolences to the Terbush family, but I wish their lawsuit the worst of luck.)

The logical terminus of this procession is for climbing to become an outlaw pastime in the United States, permitted only on land you own free and clear, and prohibited by all other land owners and caretakers for fear of ruinous liability. Either the legal system or the participants in the sport must react to this challenge, or I fear that the above is inevitable.

Just my $0.02, and probably not worth even that, boilerplate hand-wringing that it is.

If anyone has any substantial input on HB's liquidation and its relation to this settlement, or (better!) the details of the settlement, I would be most grateful to read them.


tradmanclimbs


Sep 20, 2005, 6:25 PM
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I have not read the entire thread but will add my 2 centavos anyways. the aussi rap is a military manuver designed to let the rapeller shoot and Kill people while rapelling. It was not concived with safty as a first concern. It is NOT standard civilian climbing practice. The people who sued over a stunt like this do not get any respect from this corner.


paulc


Sep 20, 2005, 6:34 PM
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Why is this on the FP? Again last post is from 2 years ago. Is this a crazy rating system thing moving threads to the FP?

(Yes this was on the FP, before I posted to it)

Paul


overlord


Sep 20, 2005, 6:37 PM
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Why is this on the FP? Again last post is from 2 years ago. Is this a crazy rating system thing moving threads to the FP?

(Yes this was on the FP, before I posted to it)

Paul

nope, it was linked from another lawsuit thread.


bighigaz


Sep 21, 2005, 6:37 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
HB just went out of business.

Do you have reason to believe that the lawsuit referred to in this thread, or others like it, played a significant part in their demise?

GO

Original poster here...

Wow, I wasn't aware that HB went our of business. Just got curious and started "updating" myself on this old thread.

I wanted to point out that HB won this case. They were actually (somehow) made aware of that fact before the jury gave the verdict, and settled with Kyle's wife and family before the verdict was given. I found this very honorable on their part, despite the fact that when all was said and done, this was determined to be an accident, and nothing else.

That being said, I don't believe this would have lead to the ousting of a company like this. From the posts, it sounded like they were planning on selling for a while, which doesn't suprise me. Mr. Banner was present at the proceedings, and he seemed to me to be more than ready for retirement. He had a severe limp, and a tired look, and it wouldn't suprise me if he was just ready to get out of the industry all together.

Oh, and one more thing to add, the figure 8 device is no longer a part of my rack, nor will it be in the future, unless I become heavily involved with mountain rescue... There are plenty of other much safer devices out there that meet my needs.

I think enough has been said on this forum. Thanks for everyones great comments and input. Now let's move on.

James


Partner tim


Sep 21, 2005, 7:55 PM
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Thank you James, both for clearing up the matter, and for your continued patience with those of us who did not have all the facts. I for one am most appreciative of your providing both subjective and objective facts from the settlement, and I admit to being happy both that HB won, and that they (and you) were so honorable about it anyhow.

Much obliged.

--tim


Partner cracklover


Sep 21, 2005, 8:13 PM
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In reply to:
Thank you James, both for clearing up the matter...

Via PM, or is it available somewhere? Link?

Edited to say: my bad, I had killfiled bighigaz, so I didn't see the post JT was referring to.

Cheers,

GO


billcoe_


Sep 21, 2005, 9:17 PM
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[quote="bighigaz"]
In reply to:
In reply to:
HB just went out of business.

In reply to:
Original poster here...

Wow, I wasn't aware that HB went our of business. Just got curious and started "updating" myself on this old thread.

I wanted to point out that HB won this case. They were actually (somehow) made aware of that fact before the jury gave the verdict, and settled with Kyle's wife and family before the verdict was given. I found this very honorable on their part, despite the fact that when all was said and done, this was determined to be an accident, and nothing else.

They won it and still paid out money. I doubt that they knew what the jury was thinking as that is never the case in our judicial system. The jury deliberates secretly. You have to love a system where you feel you have to pay, even when you are in the right, just because you are afraid of somebody taking everything you have worked all of your life for.

In reply to:
That being said, I don't believe this would have lead to the ousting of a company like this. From the posts, it sounded like they were planning on selling for a while, which doesn't surprise me. Mr. Banner was present at the proceedings, and he seemed to me to be more than ready for retirement. He had a severe limp, and a tired look, and it wouldn't surprise me if he was just ready to get out of the industry all together.

Only HB can say for sure, but walk a mile in the dudes shoes. God forbid you never get sued for making a product which killed another person or contributed to the death of any young person, and have to stare the grieving relatives in the face while at the same time facing total financial ruin. You have to concur that might take some of the fun out - even just a little tinie-bitsy? How about thinking that you might have a line of these people about to form? This is not why you make products.

I personally would rather take a 100 footer and die than get drug through the living hell of a lawsuit which would take every penny I have and put me out of business while accusing me of making a product which killed another person. But thats me, your results may vary. Maybe HB felt otherwise and it didn't bother him. Who can say.

In reply to:
Oh, and one more thing to add, the figure 8 device is no longer a part of my rack, nor will it be in the future, unless I become heavily involved with mountain rescue... There are plenty of other much safer devices out there that meet my needs.


bighaz, thank you for openly and honestly bringing this to everybody's attention. You may have saved somebodies life by doing so, perhaps several lives. You have my highest regards for doing so.

In reply to:
I think enough has been said on this forum. Thanks for everyones great comments and input. Now let's move on.

Unfortunately, for the rest of us, the lingering effects of this and things like this will remain. I hope the pain of the loss for all of the family members has softened with time, and again, bringing this up to the top of the heap once in a while might not be a bad thing if even 1 climber sees it and either retires a figure 8, or carefully checks it for cross loading before pitching off the edge.

Wishing you and yours well, and thank you again:

Bill


majid_sabet


Sep 21, 2005, 11:25 PM
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What I think we need is the detail not the lawsuit, I personally think he did not check his system, he rushed to rappel like a star in some kind of movie. People rappel with none locking biner all the time and its safe if you know what you doing. It is unsafe to monkey around upside down when you are not sure what you rigged specially with a biner that is not locked. I used BD auto locking biner the first time they came out, and immediately notice that equipments like that was just so easy to go wrong, I rappelled on the piece of shit for few times and twice, the gate was not even locked.

This lawsuit or similar is not going to solve problems, its going to cost us more, its going to close climbing area and one day no one could buy a new climbing equipment because manufacture are going to say f*+^K you all, we had it with your monkey game.


djoseph


Sep 22, 2005, 5:04 AM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
Oh, and one more thing to add, the figure 8 device is no longer a part of my rack, nor will it be in the future, unless I become heavily involved with mountain rescue... There are plenty of other much safer devices out there that meet my needs.


bighaz, thank you for openly and honestly bringing this to everybody's attention. You may have saved somebodies life by doing so, perhaps several lives.

To second Bill's comments: this thread was the first time I had heard of the potential of a figure-8 to lever open a locker's gate. I had only climbed for a few months at the time, and immediately explained the issue to other climbers (and some sport rappellers), none of whom had heard of the issue before.

So again, thanks.

Dan


djoseph


Sep 22, 2005, 5:13 AM
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I personally think he did not check his system, he rushed to rappel like a star in some kind of movie.

Majid: I often find your comments either cryptic or simply misplaced. In this case, I think some circumspection would be in order. The OP's cousin died in an accident. I suspect that the OP does not enjoy speculation about his cousin acting like a "star in some kind of movie." How does that contribute anything to this discussion?

I must admit that this post of mine is as much a reaction to some of your past comments as this current one. Perhaps I should simply keep my comments to myself. However, for the volume of reports that you post on the Injuries and Accidents forum, I would appreciate a concomitant amount of respect and tact.

Dan


sardude


Sep 22, 2005, 6:00 AM
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Amen, I am very sorry your cousin lost his life BUT he did something he was obviously not well trained to do. An "Aussie style" is a tricky manuver for a set-up, the Marine corp requires a partner to feed out line on the inital release and an Auto-brake be implemented. Also when gear is used correctly it is much more likely not to fail. So I would like to thank your family for increasing the cost of my next gear purchase.....


I remember the days when sex was safe and climbing wasn't.... A Wise man


anson


Sep 25, 2005, 8:46 PM
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In reply to:
Majid: I often find your comments either cryptic or simply misplaced.

Correct use of multiple SAT words: check. Great tone: check. Solid message: check. Gold trophy...check!

Please allow me to second djoseph's message, and add my own: directly contradicting assertions made by those who are in a position to know--especially when you in fact know nothing directly relevant to the matter being discussed--is unlikely to make others believe that you are adding anything of value to the topic being discussed. It seems clear to me that you damage your reputation with posts like this.

-aB


paulc


Sep 26, 2005, 5:20 PM
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Amen, I am very sorry your cousin lost his life BUT .... So I would like to thank your family for increasing the cost of my next gear purchase.....

And I would like to thank you for being an asshat. Someone lost their life and all you give a flying f**k about is the cost of your next gear purchase. Get a life.

We pay for other people's errors in all sorts of ways, like your car insurance say. You may have a perfectly safe driving record, but the cost of your insurance reflects the cost to insure the average (and below average) driver. You might bitch about that too, but not only are you covering other drivers, but the manufacturers as well even though you are paying for lawsuits against the manufacturer in the cost of your car. Really you pay twice in this case, but for climbing gear you don't as insurance is not mandatory. Get used to it and get a sensitivity bone.

Paul


vivalargo


Sep 26, 2005, 8:08 PM
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That poor kid should never have been allowed to try a tricky and non-mainstream kind of descent such as the Aussie Rap. It was the job of his guides or instructors to know what the gear was designed to do and not do. Holding gear manufacturers responsible for this accident is to shift the blame away from those who should have know better--but didn't. You'll never get gear to be completely "safe." As I've said a 1,000 times, safely is largely in the hands of those who use the gear, not in the gear itself. It's really too bad a young man lost his life to prove this point.

JL


ambler


Sep 26, 2005, 8:37 PM
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In reply to:
That poor kid should never have been allowed to try a tricky and non-mainstream kind of descent such as the Aussie Rap. It was the job of his guides or instructors to know what the gear was designed to do and not do.
It seems the OP (and "key witness in the case against these enormous companies") was the kid's instructor, who taught him to do the Aussie Rap.

In reply to:
Holding gear manufacturers responsible for this accident is to shift the blame away from those who should have know better--but didn't.


vivalargo


Sep 26, 2005, 10:35 PM
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In reply to:
In reply to:
That poor kid should never have been allowed to try a tricky and non-mainstream kind of descent such as the Aussie Rap. It was the job of his guides or instructors to know what the gear was designed to do and not do.

It seems the OP (and "key witness in the case against these enormous companies") was the kid's instructor, who taught him to do the Aussie Rap.

In reply to:
Holding gear manufacturers responsible for this accident is to shift the blame away from those who should have know better--but didn't.

Somehow in the twists and turns of this case I imagine the instructor got the court to believe that he set everything up perfectly but the gear betrayed him. If that's the case, what's left out here is the error in judgement in letting a novice practice a technique (the Aussi Rap) that is sketchy even for experts, and that the instructor didn't know the limits of the gear in which he rigged on the victim. The fact that the gear had limitations -- and that the instructor did not know as much -- is not the "fault" of the manufacturer.

This whole thing was avoidable not because of gear failure, but because of practicing sketchy techniques.

You've got to keep track of first causes in these cases. I'm reminded of a case I heard about when a climber fell, a nut popped and the climber got badly injured. A law suit followed, with blame attached to the gear maker. Royal Robbins was an expert witness. When the judge asked why the accident happened, Robbins pointed to the climber and said, "Because he fell."

The nut did not "cause" he fall, and unless the climber had fallen, eh wouldn't have been hurt, hence his fall was the first "cause."

In this case, the Aussie Rap was the first "cause."

JL


timstich


Sep 26, 2005, 11:51 PM
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It would appear that this instructor needs a tolchock in the yarbles.


healyje


Sep 27, 2005, 12:03 AM
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I totally agree with John's comments.

Rappelling, and "Aussie Style" rappelling in particular, is an inherently dangerous activity due principally to the dramatic change in the role of the rope and gear from climbing. In rappelling the rope and gear switch roles from one of a backup safety mechanism to that of a primary means of transport. In this role your life is 100% dependent on the proper manufacture, configuration, and operation of the gear and rope in question. The "Aussie Style" rap is of no particular utility in climbing and to do it for its own sake is clearly not climbing, but "sport rappelling" and a lapse in judgment from a climbing perspective. Having upfront knowledge that you won't be able to actively monitor your rappelling gear mid descent should have been a clear signal dictating that one insure the hardware configuration used could not fail in the manner described. That would mean doubled lockers with screw gates in opposition at the very least and probably the use of a non-crossloading figure-eight's (ironically HB is about the only company that sell them).

Also, given the technical content of the OP's first two posts and the timeline he laid out it seems clear that he did not possess sufficient overall climbing and technical experience at the time of the accident to be assuming the responsibilities of an instructor. And there is a solid lesson there as well, in that there is much more to climbing techniques and instructing then simply knowing all the "proper" ways to do things - experience over time and yardage over rock teaches you much about the ways that things can possibly go wrong and in what contexts various risks increase.

This is a regrettable accident and I very much feel for the OP, but to describe HB as an "enormous" company is simply a disservice. Again, this accident is one of those wholly regrettable incidents where everyone had the best intentions, were just trying to have a good time, but where a lack of knowledge and experience proves deadly. I can not find anyone particularly at fault here, not even the OP in this age where climbing is now so heavily marketed as a relatively safe form of enterainment rather than an activity, much like sky diving, that demands the utmost respect and a rigorous attention to details, risks, and context at all times.


catbird_seat


Sep 27, 2005, 12:21 AM
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Given that the Aussie Style rappel has no practical uses in climbing, and that it is primarily a sport rappelling thrill ride, it seems to me that the logical thing for a guide to do would be to put a backup belay on the novice client using a separate rope. It would be just as thrilling for the client, and perfectly safe.


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Sep 27, 2005, 12:45 AM
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In reply to:
Given that the Aussie Style rappel has no practical uses in climbing, and that it is primarily a sport rappelling thrill ride, it seems to me that the logical thing for a guide to do would be to put a backup belay on the novice client using a separate rope. It would be just as thrilling for the client, and perfectly safe.

Whaaaaat. You just said perfectly safe in the same paragraph as Aussie Style Rappel. That is an oxymoron to end all oxymorons with the emphasis on moron.

Firstly there can be no such thing as being perfectly safe in any vertical environment.

Secondly as has been made abundantly clear by many of the respondants to this thread the Aussie Rappel is inherently dangerous and is an activity that should not be encouraged particularly as recreational sit harnesses are simply not designed with this function in mind. You will never ever get a manufacturer to recommend the use of these harnesses for this activity. For one thing the buckles are not designed to be loaded in this configuration. I am told by a very good friend of mine who has access to test facilities at his fathers climbing gear manufacturing facility that buckles fail at miserably low loads when used for Aussie Rap type activities.

I definitely agree with your statement that the Aussie Rappel has no practical use in climbing.

If this activity is something that people really really want to do then a harness designed with this activity in mind should be sought. Definitely having a seperate backup would be what I would recommend.


majid_sabet


Sep 27, 2005, 5:11 AM
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Aussie Style= Combat military rappel=SWAT team rappel= Hollywood Style rappel ,etc = death for those who are not familiar with rappelling techniques and equipments.

Lets close this case and move on and if you do not like my point of view just bite me.
l :twisted:


reno


Sep 27, 2005, 5:26 AM
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In reply to:
Aussie Style= Combat military rappel=SWAT team rappel= Hollywood Style rappel ,etc = death for those who are not familiar with rappelling techniques and equipments.

Lets close this case and move on and if you do not like my point of view just bite me.

I have a question:

Why do people find it so terribly difficult to discuss things rationally, without resorting to phrases like "If you don't like it, bite me."

?

Why?


majid_sabet


Sep 27, 2005, 5:58 AM
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RENO
I changed my mind

Aussie Style= Combat military rappel=SWAT team rappel= Hollywood Style rappel ,etc = is VERY SAFE ........( R U :wink: NOW ).


paulc


Sep 27, 2005, 6:18 AM
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In reply to:
RENO
I changed my mind

Aussie Style= Combat military rappel=SWAT team rappel= Hollywood Style rappel ,etc = is VERY SAFE ........( R U :wink: NOW ).

I haven't and I agree with the poster that tried to give you constructive feedback. You post in mainly accidents and injuries from what I can see and you take an authoritarian point of view. People don't like being talked to in the manner you usually take in these matters. You don't like them telling you that you are acting like a loser, don't act like a loser. Otherwise you are going to get all the crap you deserve.

Paul


majid_sabet


Sep 27, 2005, 7:23 AM
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PAUL
I got this for you
Life is too short
Peace
MJ

http://www.examiner.ie/pport/web/ireland/Full_Story/did-sg-PUw28JLAUUsglO-LCk0lQvU.asp

26/09/05

Man dies after 30ft fall onto railings

By Eoin English

A YOUNG man died in agony in a freak incident yesterday after he fell from a drainpipe and became impaled on railings.

Blood stains marked the pavement on Limerick’s Clare Street which showed the path taken by the victim after he was lifted off the metal spikes by a horrified friend.

But the man, who suffered massive internal injuries, collapsed just yards away. He died later in hospital. Gardaí, for family privacy reasons, last night withheld the victim’s name.

The 19-year-old, believed to be from Limerick city, was climbing a drainpipe attached to a five-storey Georgian flat complex on Clare Street shortly before 9am yesterday when the horrific incident happened.

His friend was watching from the road below. It is understood the victim may have known people living in the building and had used the drainpipe before to gain access to their flat.



However, he lost his grip and plummeted about 30ft onto a set of four-foot high railings that run around the front of the building.

He was impaled on the tip of a square-top railing. Gardaí declined to go into detail but it is understood the man suffered massive internal injuries to his lower body and was bleeding profusely.

His friend rushed to his aid and, after frantic efforts, managed to lift him off the railings.

They both stumbled onto St Lelia Street. Gardaí believe they were trying to get to the nearby St John’s Hospital, but the injured man collapsed just a few yards away, leaving a trail of blood in his wake.

An ambulance was on the scene within minutes. The injured man was rushed to St John’s Hospital but was pronounced dead just before 10am. His body was later removed to the morgue attached to the Mid-Western Regional Hospital. Gardaí sealed off the scene of the incident yesterday morning and said they were treating the death as suspicious until the full facts became known. An investigation led by Supt TG Mahon was launched yesterday afternoon.

“This was an absolutely horrific incident,” a garda spokesman said.

“This appears to have been a tragic accident as the man fell off the drain pipe and landed on the railings below.”

Assistant State Pathologist, Dr Margaret Bolster, carried out a post mortem on the dead man’s body yesterday.


anson


Sep 27, 2005, 7:36 AM
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In reply to:
Man dies after 30ft fall onto railings

Majid,

This is ROCK climbing dot com, not DRAINPIPE climbing dot com. Please constrain your postings to relevant news. Thanks,

-aB


reno


Sep 27, 2005, 7:36 AM
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In reply to:
PAUL
I got this for you
Life is too short
Peace
MJ

http://www.examiner.ie/pport/web/ireland/Full_Story/did-sg-PUw28JLAUUsglO-LCk0lQvU.asp

26/09/05

Man dies after 30ft fall onto railings

By Eoin English

A YOUNG man died in agony in a freak incident yesterday after he fell from a drainpipe and became impaled on railings.
.
.
.
.
.
.

This has nothing to do with climbing, climbing related injury, the topic at hand, or anything else we discuss on this website, other than the occasional "Darwin Award" thread in Community. What, sir, is your point? That people die every day from accidents, foolish behavior, or risky actions? That's nothing new, really.


Partner cracklover


Sep 27, 2005, 12:57 PM
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In reply to:

Your posts here have neither wit, nor utility. They have added nothing of value to this thread. But they are disrespectful and misleading.

Consider yourself bitten.

GO


climbinspired


Sep 27, 2005, 2:09 PM
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I'm pretty new on this site, so forgive me if I repeat what has already been said or ask questions that have already been answered...

It's my understanding that this suit arose mainly as a "failure to warn" product liability action. Basically, that BD and HB failed to warn that this type of accident could result if their products were used a certain way.

I can't determine, however, whether the plaintiff or defendant prevailed in this case, as I think the OP stated HB "won" but "paid anyway." ?????

Have you ever noticed the huge manual written in teeny tiny font that accompanies most climbing equipment? Basically, the lawyers are suing these companies to force them to add a paragraph or two (whatever is "adequate") to the manual. And if they collect a $300,000 fee while doing so, all the better!!

Would this stop some people from doing exactly what Kyle (the OP's cousin) did? Hopefully, but as other posters have pointed out -- accident's happen. If the accident is caused by a defect that they are aware of, and they didn't warn of it, you will see another suit just like this, again and again, and that manual will get bigger and bigger, with tinier font. Try to actually sit down and read it THEN!


kailas


Sep 27, 2005, 2:42 PM
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I just heard that HB is going out of business!!! The lawsuit broke
its back!!! :evil: climbers that sue are bad!!


majid_sabet


Sep 27, 2005, 5:13 PM
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ACCIDENT HAPPENS AND PEOPLE DIE.
keep climbing and enjoy the vertical world.
Check your gear each time
Do not trust your equipment all the time.
When your time is up , your TIME IS UP, you must leave.

SMILE AND BE HAPPY


paulc


Sep 27, 2005, 5:53 PM
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I just heard that HB is going out of business!!! The lawsuit broke
its back!!! :evil: climbers that sue are bad!!

Troll or uninformed newbie? Hard to tell but incorrect in either case. I do not think that the lawsuit and HB going out of business are directly related, particularly in a monetary sense.

Regarding Majid, I havn't killfiled anyone here yet but am sorely tempted in this case. Oh, well. Some people aren't interested in what other people think, which is their loss, but if that is what they choose who am I to argue to the point of futility?

Thanks for the info about the drainpipe faller, perhaps he should sue the drainpipe mfg, as I don't think they would have had a warning about the dangers of mis-using a drainpipe that way. (Apologies in advance, no disrespect to the OP or that circumstance, though it may read that way)

Paul


healyje


Sep 27, 2005, 5:55 PM
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Majid,

I don't know whether it is a language or cultural deal, but I have to agree your rather morbid focus on accidents borders on both inappropriate and tangental at best. I also agree you may want to reconsider why and what you post here.


roy_hinkley_jr


Sep 27, 2005, 6:45 PM
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Not sure why everyone is ragging on Majid since his statements on this accident is absolutely correct even if they aren't PC enough for some uber-sensitive types. The news report is indeed relevant considering it also was about as much about a "climbing" accident as the original topic. Neither are less relevant to rock climbing than slackling. If the OP is offended, they shouldn't read the thread. It's more offensive that all of Majid's posts are censored (not visible unless you sign in) for no reason.


anson


Sep 27, 2005, 7:08 PM
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In reply to:
It's more offensive that all of Majid's posts are censored (not visible unless you sign in) for no reason.

You are incorrect; of course there's a reason. When you're not signed in, the crapfilter is on by default, and majid satisfies some of the criteria the crapfilter uses, so his posts don't make the cut when it's on. Thus, his supposed 'censorship'. I remain logged in at all times, so I don't interact with anonymous browsing features much, but I'm pretty sure that an anonymous browser can adjust the crapfilter to see majid's posts if they so desire.

-aB


billcoe_


Oct 6, 2005, 5:16 AM
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.......................................... bringing this up to the top of the heap once in a while might not be a bad thing if even 1 climber sees it and either retires a figure 8, or carefully checks it for cross loading before pitching off the edge.

Wishing you and yours well, and thank you again:

Bill

Wow, as if on cue, lots of people still ignorant of the crossloading feature a figure 8 can create. This was posted on RC.COM yesterday!

http://www.rockclimbing.com/topic/98627

billit_proof asked" I use figure 8's to rappel, but i see some of you don't like them, could you be so kind as to entertain me: why?"

Next 6 posts, all from RC.COM members incorrectly explaining why a figure 8 has fallen out of favor-in order are:
_____________________________________________________

"My personal exp. with 8's is that they tend to twist the rope. I also found that the stopping power is limited in comparison to in-line(friction) belay devices, plus just look at the size and weight of the thing."


______________________________________________________
"With an ATC you can belay and rappel..although maybe you can belay with a figure 8, I dunno."
_______________________________________________________
"They twist the hell out of ropes, and they're heavy. As was said before."

_______________________________________________________
"maybe you can belay with a figure 8, I dunno."

______________________________________________________
"Stick a bight thru the small hole of the figure 8, clip this loop thru a biner on your harness belay loop. You've got yourself a belay device. The figure 8 itself is not actually tied in and can creep if the belay is slack or it can be sticky on initial lowering.

BD style belay device give easier and smoother belays than a figure 8 but there are still some high angle applications for the figure 8 that keep it around. It's good to know how to rig one though I currently do not own one"
_________________________________________________________

I'm not making this up, click the link, it's surprising that so many have not heard the potential dangers of an 8 yet. I'm OK with somebody using one, I use one sometimes, I know other who regularly climb with them as well, but people should be aware and informed of this life threatening issue.

Bill

edited to make my post a little clearer via use of bold letters.


papounet


Oct 6, 2005, 11:49 AM
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The crossloading issue of a fig-8 breaking open a biner has been identified as the root cause in various accidents since 1995. this issue been investigated by the UIAA. search for its magazine edition 2000 3rd quarter.

http://www.uiaa.ch/...20with%20figure8.pdf

climbers interested in safety could do worse than reading all articles at http://www.uiaa.ch/?c=312

 

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